Parameters Cavity B61C-EZ-103 B61C-EZ-104 Voltage (V) 18 23 Cathode Short donut Long donut Applied EP 150 µm at 22 °C + 10 µm at 10 °C + N-doping + 7 µm at 10 °C 120 °C at 16-22 °C Current and Cavity Temperature Current and temperature profiles during EP of B61C-EZ-103 (top) and B61C-EZ-104 (bottom) cavities.
Electropolishing (EP) of 1.3 GHz niobium superconducting RF cavities is conducted to achieve a desired smooth and contaminant-free surface that yields good RF performance. Achieving a smooth surface of a large-sized elliptical cavity with the standard EP conditions was found to be challenging. This work aimed to conduct a systematic parametric EP study to understand the effects of various EP parameters on the surface of 650 MHz niobium cavities used in the Proton Improvement Plan-II (PIP-II) linear accelerator. Parameters optimized in this study provided a smooth surface of the cavities. The electropolished cavity showed a significantly higher accelerating gradient meeting baseline requirement and qualified for further surface treatment to improve the cavity quality factor.
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