A field survey was conducted for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) epidemiology in the rural field practice area of Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangalore, India, which covers a population of 44,387 to find out the prevalence of COPD in adult subjects of 35 years and above using cluster sampling technique and to determine the association of tobacco smoking, environmental tobacco smoking (ETS) exposure and type of cooking fuel used with COPD. The overall prevalence of COPD was 4.36%. The prevalence among males and females were 5.32% and 3.41% respectively. The prevalence was found to be increasing with an increase in age. The tobacco smoke and exposure to ETS was significantly associated with higher odds of COPD with adjusted odds ratio 2.97 and 2.67 respectively. Thus, there was a significant association between tobacco smoking and ETS exposure with COPD.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in the rural field practice area of Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangalore. A total of 3194 adult individuals (18-70 years) were selected from 30 villages (clusters) using a cluster-sampling technique. Individuals with symptoms suggestive of asthma were subjected for clinical examination for the diagnosis of asthma. Among the 3194 respondents, 1518 (47.5%) were males and 1676 (52.5%) were females. The prevalence of bronchial asthma was 2.88%. The prevalence of asthma was higher among those reporting a history of current smoking. Among current smokers, the number of cigarettes/bidis/hookah smoked daily did not differ (P > 0.05) between individuals without asthma and with asthma, whereas the mean number of years of smoking did differ (P < 0.001). There was significant association between tobacco smoking and bronchial asthma.
The most common offending allergen in our study was the dust mite. Identification of specific allergens for a particular geographical area aids patient education and enables allergen-specific immunotherapy.
Data were collected from 78 teenage pregnant mothers (15-19 years) out of 1446 pregnant mothers who attended the primary health centers situated in the field practice area of the rural health center, Kengeri of Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangalore, between May and July 2009 to study the factors associated with teenage pregnancies and awareness regarding family planning. This was a descriptive study. Out of 78 teenage pregnant mothers, 57 (73%) were Hindus and 45 (57.7%) belonged to joint families. 76 (97.4%) teenage pregnant mothers were housewives, i.e. 55 (70.5%) of the spouses of the teenage pregnant mothers were laborers, in majority, i.e. 40 (51.3%) teenage pregnant mothers' age at marriage and the age at first pregnancy were 18 years. The mean age at marriage increased significantly with an increase of the educational status of the teenage pregnant mothers (F value = 7.08%, P< 0.002). The mean age at first pregnancy was also increased with an increase of the education status of both the teenage pregnant mothers and their spouse. The most common reason for early marriage and early pregnancy was traditional practices and family pressure among 50 (64%) and 45 (57.7%) teenage pregnant mothers, respectively. 49 (63%) teenage pregnant mothers were not aware of any family planning methods.
BACKGROUND: India is among those countries which have a very high maternal and infant mortality rate.Most maternal deaths could be prevented if women had access to appropriate health care during pregnancy, childbirth and immediately afterwards.The present study was conducted to track the pregnant women for antenatal care, Delivery, PNC and child immunization and assess the outcome. METHODS: This was a longitudinal study conducted in a primary health center of rural field practice area. The study was conducted among the pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic of the primary health center for duration of 2 years. 116 newly confirmed pregnant women who visited the PHC between April 1 st to June 31 st 2011were enrolled in the study and followed up till completion of primary immunization of the child. RESULTS: Majority(62.0%) of study subjects were in the age group of 20-24yrs. 61.2% of the them registered before 12wks of gestation, 27.5% received ≥ 4 ANC visits as per IPHS guidelines 2012,63.1% had mild to moderate anaemia, 100% had institutional deliveries, 28.4% neonates had birth weight less than 2500gms and compliance to primary immunization up to measles was 95%. INTERPRETATION: Tracking of mother and child has an important role at the grass root level in delivering services to women and children and has been recognized as a priority area for providing effective healthcare services to this group.
Materials and Methods After obtaining the Institutional Ethical Committee approval, the present study was conducted in the Allergy clinic, Preventive medicine unit, Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences Hospital & Research Centre, Bangalore from January 2005 to March 2010. Totally 300 patients with confirmed clinical diagnosis of Chronic urticaria (with a duration of more than 6 weeks), with co-morbid conditions like Allergic rhinitis (ARIA guidelines)[10], Bronchial asthma (GINA guidelines
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