This trial indicated there were short-term benefits of decreased apnoea in the immediate periextubation period for ventilated infants born <32 weeks gestation receiving higher doses of caffeine. Further studies with larger numbers of infants assessing longer-term outcomes are necessary to determine the optimal dosing regimen of caffeine in preterm infants.

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The sites of deuteronation of the molecule norfloxacin.2DCl.D2O have been investigated by 13C n.m.r. and a single-crystal structure determination. The 13C n.m.r. spectrum of norfloxacin (3 M DCl ) displays 14 lines, seven of which display 19F-13C coupling. The observation of 19F-13C coupling for the resonance at 171.0 ppm (J 3.9 Hz) allows positive assignment of this resonance to the keto carbon atom. The position of this resonance was found to be sensitive to [D+]. The crystals of norfloxacin.2DCl.D2O are monoclinic, space group P21/c, with a 8.536(2), b 14.379(3), c 14.985(4) Ǻ, β 93.40(2)°, V 1836.0(7) Ǻ3, and Z = 4. The structure was refined to R 0.039 and Rw 0.041. The n.m.r. study, combined with the structural analysis permits assignment of the sites of deuteronation for this molecule as an oxygen of the carboxylic acid, the external nitrogen of the piperazine ring and the keto oxygen atom.

Cisplatin infusion in cockatoos was well tolerated and Pt plasma concentrations were similar to those measured during treatment of solid tumours in human patients. Despite anatomical, physiological and biochemical differences among animal species, the pharmacokinetic disposition of Pt in the cockatoo shares some features with the kinetics reported previously in rodents, dogs and human beings.

No abstract