This study was conducted to investigate effects of vitamin A (VA) and vitamin K 3 (VK 3 ) on immune function and intestinal antioxidant capacity of aged laying hens. In a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement, the diets of 1080 Roman Pink laying hens (87 weeks old) was formulated with deficient, adequate and excess VA and VK 3 , including 0, 7000 and 14000 IU/kg VA and 0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg/kg VK 3 for 8 weeks. Interactive effects between VA and VK 3 were observed that VA and VK 3 decreased the splenetic mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α), but increased the plasma immunoglobulin G (IgG) content and jejunal mRNA expression of nuclear factor-like 2 (Nrf2). Hens fed adequate or excess VA had higher spleen index, mRNA expression of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in spleen, sIgA content, catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase and total dismutase (T-SOD) activity, and mRNA expression of polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) in jejunum and lower mRNA expression of IL-1β in jejunum and iNOS, TNF-α in spleen. Furthermore, adequate or excess VK 3 significantly increased plasma IgG content, the CAT, T-SOD and total antioxidant capacity activities, up-regulated the mRNA expression of pIgR, Nrf2, SOD1 and CAT in jejunum and down-regulated the mRNA expression of iNOS and TNF-α in spleen.In conclusion, dietary addition of adequate VA (7000 IU/kg) and VK 3 (2.0 mg/kg) improved the immune function and intestine antioxidant capacity of aged laying hens and excess levels did not exhibit superior effects.
In order to clarify the compensation effect of exogenous salicylic acid (SA) and H2O2 on wheat growth, this paper, by setting different growth temperatures in the artificial climate chamber, has studied the effects of antioxidant enzymes and proline content of wheat seedlings with spraying SA, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and SA+H2O2. The results show that catalase (CAT) activity, in 0 and 5 �C is lower than 10 and 15 �C, while the peroxidase (POD) activity is opposite. The activity of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) increases gradually with temperature increasing. Exogenous SA, H2O2, and SA+H2O2 could effectively improve the activity of wheat antioxidant enzymes and the content of proline (Pro), while the SA+H2O2 treatment improves obviously.
Low temperature stress is one of the important environmental factor affecting the growth and development of wheat. As a widely existing hormone, salicylic acid do not only improve the immunity of wheat, but also improve the cold resistance capability of wheat. In the present study, effects of foliar spray of 0.3 g/l Salicylic acid (SA) on the cold resistance of wheat were studied under low temperature stress condition. Results showed that exogenous salicylic acid could enhance the activity of wheat antioxidant enzymes, reduce the content of Malondialdehyde (MDA) and change its own starch and sucrose synthesis, amino acid synthesis, carbon metabolism and glycolysis by affecting the differential expression of different hormone signal transduction genes and thereby improving the cold resistance of wheat.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 52(2): 419-427, 2023 (June)
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