Nowadays, the main reason for the
blending of biofuels stems from
the necessity to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Depending on market
requirements, all gasoline fuels should be blended with 5–25
vol % ethanol. Low-blend ethanol gasolines are characterized by alcohol
contents ranging from 5 to 10 vol % in Europe and up to 15 vol % in
the United States. The achievement of new emission reduction targets
and implementation of the requirement to replace fossil energy with
renewable energy set out in RED Directive 2009/28/EC will demand blending
of 20–25 vol % ethanol gasoline in Europe. Such blends should
be stable while being kept in storage or car tanks for a certain time.
This article presents the results of research on the evaluation of
changes in the physicochemical properties and parameters characterizing
the chemical stability of E15–E25 gasoline during short-term
storage. Studies have shown that after 4 months of storage, E15, E20,
and E25 gasoline did not meet the required minimum in vapor pressure
and E70 the distillation parameter and density in relation to the
requirements of the EN 228 standard. In the studied gasolines, the
water content increased rapidly during storage for up to 4 months.
It was found that the determination of the induction period does not
differentiate E15 from E25 in terms of stability. A clear differentiation
was observed in the determination of unwashed gum content as well
as existent gum and potential gum. The results obtained in this research
show that low-blend ethanol gasoline even during short-term storage
(i.e., less than 4 months) requires special handling.
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