A field experiment was carried out during the Rabi season of 2014 and 2015 on sandy loam soil to test the bio-efficacy of pre-mix broad spectrum herbicides for weed management in wheat. Major dominant weed flora in the experimental plot were Chenopodium murale (54.1%), Chenopodium album (11.9%), Phalaris minor (10.4%) and Melilotus alba (9.6%). Application of pre-mix sulfosulfuron (75%) + metsulfuron-methyl (5%) 32 g/ha as post-emergence, clodinafop (15%) + metsulfuron-methyl (1.0%) 64 g/ha as post-emergenc (PoE), mesosulfuron (3%) + iodosulfuron-methyl sodium (0.6 %) 14.4 g/ha as PoE and hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS remained at par with each other and significantly reduced the density and biomass of both monocot as well as dicot weeds and resulted in significantly more number of effective tillers and yield of grain and straw. However, mesosulfuron (3%) + iodosulfuron-methyl sodium (0.6 %) 14.4 g/ha PoE showed phytotoxic effect on plant.

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Comparative efficacy of pre-and post-emergence herbicides in greengram and their residual effect on succeeding crops was studied during Kharif season of the year 2011-2013. Inter-culturing and hand weeding carried out at 20 and 40 DAS produced the lowest weed dry weight with higher weed control efficiency. Among herbicidal treatments, pre-emergence application of pendimethalin at 500 g/ha or imazethapyr 75 g/ha followed by interculturing and hand weeding at 30 DAS proved to be efficient in reducing weed dry weight with more than 70% of weed control efficiency and recorded higher seed and haulm yield of greengram. Further, it was observed that none of the herbicides applied at tested rates had adverse effect on succeeding wheat, chickpea and mustard crops.

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A systemic field study on bioefficacy of different herbicides in greengram (Vigna radiata L.) under irrigated condition of Gujarat and its residual effect on succeeding mustard crop was conducted during Kharif 2014 and 2015 at AAU, Anand. Among the tested options, hand hoeing at 20 and 40 days after sowing (DAS) and pre-emergence (PE) application of imazethapyr + pendimethalin ready mix (RM) at 1000 g/ha proved their supremacy in achieving highest seed yield (1.45 and 1.43 t/ha) with highest B:C of 2.91 & 2.88, respectively. These treatments provided season long control of weeds with the weed control efficiency (WCE) of 93% and 89%, respectively. Moreover, post-emergence (PoE) application of imazethapyr 70 and 80 g/ha or imazethapyr + imazamox ready mix (RM) 80 g/ha provided excellent WCE of more than 85%, but posed their negative impact on symbiotic parameters such as nodule number, plant dry weight and secured lower net return. Treatment receiving pre-emergence application of imazethapyr 80 g/ha was only found superior to achieve all profits with low input cost but did not control weeds effectively. Additionally, imazethapyr and its ready mix combination irrespective of dose did not show any residual effect to succeeding mustard crop.