The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of plaque accumulation in conjunction with or without placement of plaque-retaining ligatures on peri-implant and periodontal tissues. Four cynomolgus monkeys received 2 ITI (Type F) dental implants in edentulous areas of each side of the mandible. Following a healing period of 2 months with regular prophylaxis procedures twice per week, plaque was allowed to accumulate. After 1 month (day 0), silk ligatures were placed around 1 of the 2 implants. The third molars served as controls and were ligated as well. Clinical examinations comprising Plaque Index (PlI), Gingival Index (GI), probing depth (PD) and loss of attachment (LA) were performed at the test and control sites before and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 months after ligature placement. Sixty and 30 days prior to ligation and at 2, 5, 6 and 8 months following ligation, standardized radiographs were obtained and subtracted from a baseline radiograph obtained at the time of ligation. PlI and GI scores increased significantly following the elimination of prophylaxis procedures. After ligation, these indices continued to increase and reached values significantly higher in ligated implant (LI) and ligated teeth (LT) sites than in non-ligated teeth (NLI) sites. PD also increased after plawue accumulation and ligature placement. Significantly greater PD values were noted in LI and LT sites than in NLI sites.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Glucose monitoring, frequent hemoglobin A1c testing (HbA1c), and intensive insulin treatment are of critical importance for managing type 1 diabetes. 1 Patient self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) requires daily tracking of glucose concentrations, and should be carried out multiple times per day for patients using intensive insulin therapy. Frequent SMBG improves glycemic control and assists in avoiding acute complications such as hypoglycemia. 1,2 However, not all SMBG devices have the same accuracy which can lead to inaccurate insulin dosing. Given that clinical trials assessing the relationship between SMBG accuracy and glycemic control are difficult to design and conduct, Breton and Kovatchev employed a realistic computer simulation to provide evidence on the relationship between SMBG accuracy and glycemic control. 3 Specifically, the authors found that as SMBG errors increase, HbA1c increases or separately, the risk of hypoglycemic episodes increase. Moreover, past evidence has suggested an association between improved glycemic control and cost savings as well as improved quality of life. 4,5

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