Several workers have reported on the effect of varying between and within‐row spacing on soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) yield but few have used irrigated soybeans. We studied two row‐widths, and two in‐row spacings in a split‐split plot arrangement in 1969 and 1970 using five soybean cultivars on irrigated plots. Plants in '46‐cm row width or 3.8‐cm within‐row spacing were taller, lodged more, and produced fewer nodes, branches, pods on branches, pods on main stem, and total seeds on a per plant basis. Height to the first pod increased as row‐width or in‐row spacing decreased. Spacings between or in rows affected neither seed weight nor quality. Highest yields resulted at the lower plant density in narrow rows in 1969, and at the higher plant density in wider rows in 1970. Row‐width ✕ within‐row spacing and row‐width ✕ cultivar interactions were significant for some of the characteristics measured.

A need exists for information on effects of altitude on yield and other characteristics of soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). Accordingly we evaluated the response of several imported varieties and a local variety for 2 years at altitudes of 1,394 and 1,636 m. Soybean growth and development was retarded at the higher altitude, and plants were shorter, lodged less, and had fewer nodes. Seeds with better quality were produced at the higher altitude. Seed weight varied with years at the two altitudes. Yield of most varieties was lower at the higher altitude. Seed yield differences among varieties were not consistent between years. The higher altitude prolonged the intervals from planting to first flowering 3 to 13 days, and planting to maturity 2 to 24 days. Dates of first flowering and maturity of groups V through VII soybeans were delayed more than those of earlier maturing groups.

No abstract

Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) is necessary to enhance sustainable yield in an eco-friendly way. A field experiment was conducted in the research field of Midwest Academy and Research Institute College of Live Sciences, Tulsipur, Dang from November 2018 to January 2019 to investigate the effect of integrated nutrient management on growth and yield of radish. Mino Early variety was used in the experiment. The experiment was laid out on Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications and 5 treatments. Nitrogen (N) was supplied through different sources. The treatment combinations were: control (T1), 100% recommended N through chemical fertilizer (T2), 50% recommended N through chemical fertilizer + 50% N through farmyard manure (FYM) (T3), 50% recommended N through chemical fertilizer + 50% N through poultry manure (T4) and 50% recommended N through chemical fertilizer + 50% vermicompost (T5). Significant effect was noted on leaf numbers, root length, root diameter and yield per ha but no significant effect was noted on the germination percentage and plant height. The highest germination percentage  (77.00 %), plant height (13.27 cm), root length (16.94 cm), root diameter (3.01 cm), and yield per ha (16.55 t/ha) was recorded at T4 (50% recommended N through chemical fertilizer + 50% N through poultry manure). T5 (50% recommended N through chemical fertilizer + 50% vermicompost) recorded the highest leaf numbers (10.40). In our experiment, T4 (50% recommended N through chemical fertilizer + 50% N through poultry manure) was found to be superior, so in inner terai places like Tulsipur, Dang it is suggested to apply 50% recommended N through chemical fertilizer + 50% N through poultry manure to obtain a high yield of radish.

No abstract

Introduction: Metanephric adenomas (MAs) of the kidney are rare benign epithelial lesions in the kidney that have been described in the literature, mainly through case reports, representing ~0.2% of renal masses. No prior case reports have been published from Nepal. We report one such case with MA presented to our center. Case presentation: A 25-year-old lady presented with complaints of recurrent hematuria for the past 6 months. Ultrasound of the abdomen revealed left gross hydronephrosis and reduced left renal parenchyma. A contrast-enhanced computerized scan of the abdomen and pelvis showed a heterogeneously enhancing soft tissue density lesion 65 mm×57 mm at the left renal pelvis extending into mid calyx and distally to proximal ureter, ~34 mm distal to pelviureteric junction causing moderate hydronephrosis, likely urothelial cell carcinoma. Urine cytology was negative for malignancy. Laparoscopic left nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff excision lymphadenectomy was done. The histopathology report came out to be consistent with MA and the lymph nodes were negative for malignancy. Immunohistochemistry study showed that the cells were positive for PAX8. During follow-up, she did not have hematuria and her postoperative period was uneventful. Discussion: From this report, we want to highlight the need to consider MA as a differential diagnosis of renal mass and differentiate MA from upper tract urothelial carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, Wilms tumor, and papillary adenomas. Conclusion: MA is a rare renal lesion that may present as upper tract urothelial carcinoma. MA should be evaluated through histology and immunohistochemistry studies.