Extensive limb lengthening may be indicated in achondroplastic patients who wish to achieve a height within the normal range for their population. However, increasing the magnitude of lengthening is associated with further complications particularly adjacent joint stiffness and fractures. We studied the relationship between the magnitude of femoral lengthening and callus pattern, adjacent joint stiffness and fracture of the regenerate bone in 40 femoral lengthenings in 20 achondroplastic patients. They were divided into two groups; group A had lengthening of less than 50% and group B of more than 50% of their initial femoral length. The patterns of radiological callus formation were classified according to shape, type and features. The incidence of callus features, knee stiffness and regenerate bone fracture were analysed in the two groups. Group B was associated with an increased incidence of concave, lateral and central callus shapes, adjacent joint and stiffness and fracture. Statistically, the incidence of stiffness in adjacent joints and regenerate bone fracture was significantly associated with the magnitude of lengthening. We suggest that careful radiological assessment of the patterns of callus formation is a useful method for the evaluation and monitoring of regenerate bone.
Mixed-ligand ternary complexes of Cu (II) metal ion with 1,2,4 triazole (TRZ) and amino acids (histidine (L 1 ), threonine (L 2 ), proline (L 3 ) and hydroxyl proline (L 4 )) have been synthesized. The prepared ternary chelates were characterized by elemental analysis, IR and electronic spectra, as well as conductivity measurements. The general formula [Cu(TRZ)L]H 2 O were found for the ternary chelates containing TRZ. From the analytical and spectral data, the stoichiometry has been found to be 1:1:1 for all the complexes. A tetrahedral geometry has been proposed. Molecular modeling studies were also carried out to confirm the geometries of the complexes. All the new complexes were found to be active against bacteria.
A new reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method has been developed for the simultaneous estimation of gemcitabine hydrochloride and capecitabine hydrochloride in combined tablet dosage form. An inertsil ODS-3 C-18 column having dimensions of 250×4.6 mm and particle size of 5 µm, with mobile phase containing a mixture of acetonitrile : water : triethyelamine in the ratio of (70 : 28 : 2v/v) was used. The pH of mobile phase was adjusted to 4.0 withortho-phosphoric acid. The flow rate was 1 mL/min and the column effluents were monitored at 260 nm. The retention time for gemcitabine hydrochloride and capecitabine hydrochloride was found to be 2.76 and 2.3 min respectively. The proposed method was validated in terms of linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection, limit of quantitation and robustness. The method was found to be linear in the range of 10-50 µg/mL and 4-24 µg/mL for gemcitabine hydrochloride and capecitabine hydrochloride, with regression coefficient r = 0.999 and r = 0.999, respectively.
Aim: To design, synthesize and perform computational study on a few Novel pyrazol-3-one derivatives.
Study design: Experimental study.
Methodology: A series of 6-aryl substituted pyrimidine azodyes were synthesized by coupling phenyl pyrimidine 2-amine with different aromatic amines. The synthetic compounds were screened for their in-vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The Computational study of designed compounds was done by OCHEM, Molinspiration cheminformatics, Datawarrior, and Swiss ADME. DPPH assay was used to determine the antioxidant activity and heat hemolysis method for anti-inflammatory activity.
Results: Molinspiration, Data Warrior, Ochem which are helpful to predict molecule general properties, bioactive scores, toxicity, and drug-likeness. Data Warrior results inferred that the compounds possess moderately active towards mutagenic (compound 2, 11), reproductive (compound 6, 7, 8), and highly active towards Tumorogenic (compound 2) toxicities. OCHEM results showed that most of the synthesized compounds were found to be non-inhibitors of all the subtypes of cytochrome P450 except compound 8. All compounds under this study were effective scavengers of free radicals except the compounds 1, 2, 6, 10. Invitro Anti-inflammatory studies have shown that the compounds (6, 7, 8, 9, 13) active toward heat hemolysis.
Conclusion: The synthesized compounds were comprehensively studied and targets were identified rendering them as lead molecules for further development of newer agents with greater efficacy and safety.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.