SYNOPSIS A capillary blood collection technique which facilitates the estimation of routine haematological parameters, including platelet count and sedimentation rate, is described. The technique requires 05 ml of blood, allows closer reproducibility than pipette collection methods, is suitable for monitoring blood counts in patients receiving cytotoxic agents, and can be integrated with semiand fully-automated production lines.The ability to collect capillary blood from thumb or heel is essential in paediatric haematology. Capillary blood specimens for routine blood tests are usually collected into several individual pipettes and the appropriate dilutions made at the bedside (Brecher, Schneiderman, and Cronkite, 1953;Lewis and Benjamin, 1965;Dacie and Lewis, 1968;Brecher, 1971). This is time consuming and can be technically difficult, particularly when the child is in an incubator. When the specimens reach the laboratory they may require to be processed separately from the semi-and fully-automated production lines used for venous blood. A major disadvantage of pipette collection and dilution at the bedside is that additional tests cannot be performed, or an abnormal test result repeated, without a return visit to the patient.A simplified collection technique in which 0 5 ml of capillary blood is taken directly into a single plastic container is described. A micro-method for estimation of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) on the same blood sample has been developed simultaneously.
The authors obtained atrophied and hypertrophied small intestinal tissue from a patient undergoing jejunolleal (JI) bypass reversal. Tissue from both segments was examined for insulin, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-1) and IGF-11 receptors, and alkaline phosphatase and sucrase. We were interested in the potential of the atrophied segment to respond to luminal stimulation once the food train was re-established. Within the atrophic segment, flow cytometric evaluation of the receptors revealed (expressed as percent positive staining cells): insulin, 17.1%; IGF-1, 33.6%; and IGF-11, 60.8%, while the immunoreactive sucrase was 87.7% and alkaline phosphatase was 88.6%. Actual sucrase activity (expressed as glucose generated) in this segment was 17.9 ng/minl,ug protein and alkaline phosphatase was 28.0 U/L/µg protein as assessed by conventional methods. Receptor evaluation in the hypertrophic segment demonstrated 9.7% positive staining cells for insulin, 26.6% for IGF-I and 70.2% for IGF-11. Immunoreactive sucrase was 91.2% and alkaline phosphatase was 91.4%. Enzyme activity for sucrase was 10.4 ng/min/µg protein and for alkaline phosphatase was 59.4 U/L/µg protein. This data suggests that even in atrophied bowel insulin and IGF receptors as well as sucrase and alkaline phosphatase enzymes are present and may assist in the rapid recovery of the atrophied portion following reversal of the JI bypass.
Peripheral lymphocytes from 12 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck were incubated with autologous tumor explants. Four of the 12 patients demonstrated lymphocyte induced tumor cytotoxicity. These lymphocytes adhered to the tumor cells and deposited a radioactive label from their surface onto tumor cells. The deposition of this label was associated with tumor death.
Tissue sections from those patients who demonstrated lymphocyte cytotoxicity showed a marked plasmacytic infiltration. This was in contrast to non‐responders where only a desmoplastic tissue response was observed with few inflammatory cells.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.