Objective: To determine the association between body image and marital satisfaction in married adults.
Introdution: Cancer and depression, independently, cause massive human suffering worldwide. By the end of 2030 the unipolar major depression disorder could be as the chief source of ailment as estimated by World Health Organization. Objective: Objective of this study is to detect prevalence the frequency and severity of the depression in cancer patients presenting to tertiary care hospital of Karachi. Methodology: The current prospective cross-sectional research was performed over a period of six months from August 2020 to January 2021 on 179 patients in the Department of Oncology of Civil Hospital Karachi, after approval of synopsis from CPSP and the ethical committee of Civil Hospital. All patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and visited OPD of Civil hospital were selected in the study. Informed consent was taken after explaining the procedure, risks and benefits of the study.Patients were assessed clinically by using ICD-10 criteria and then for validity and reliability, patients were screened for presence of depression and its severity through PHQ-9.Patients scoring higher than 4 was labeled as having depression and PHQ-9 score of 5 to 9, 10 to 14, 15 to 19, 20-27 were labeled mild, moderate, moderately severe and severe depression correspondingly. Observed data was entered in the predesigned Performa was gathered and SPSS version 20.0 was used for data analysis. Mean ± SD of age was 47.75±14.901years. Out of 179 patients 95 (53.1%) were male and 84 (46.9%) were female. 93(52%) cancer patients were depressed while 86(48%) were normal. Patients suffering from mild depression were 3.2%, moderate depression were 54.85%, moderately severe depressed were 19.4%, while 22.6% cancer patients were severely depressed. It is to be concluded that out of 179cancer patients 93(52%) diagnosed to have depression while 86(48%) did not have depression. Based on our study findings, it is suggested that depression commonly presented in cancer patients and there is a need to screen all cancer patients for depressive disorder.
Objective: The study was done to assess the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among the workers (tailors) who are working in tailoring occupation and see if they ever consult physician. Methodology: A cross sectional survey was conducted in various large markets of Clifton area of Karachi city administration from February 2017 to December 2017. Sample size of 278 tailors was chosen by random sampling technique. Nordic questionnaire was used to assess the musculoskeletal symptoms among subjects that include the bio data of respondent, factors associated with the symptoms, pain symptoms, and other problems faced due to symptoms through self-reported questionnaire. The collected data was inputted and analyzed in SPSS v16 and considered significant p value of <0.05. Results: 78.4% of the participants were observed for musculoskeletal disorder during last 12 months. From total of 278 subjects included in the study 34.9% subjects were in the age group 31-40 years, and majority of them (36.7 %) working from 6- 10 years, and 87.1 % reported working more than 8 hours per day . The most affected anatomical body part was lower back which is 26.6% followed by upper back 18.3 %, neck 12 %, knees 13.3%, ankle 11 %, wrist 7.3%, shoulder 6.9 %, hips 2.3% and elbow 2.3%.72 (33%) individual ever seen a physician while 146 (67 %) not ever seen a physician. There was statistically significant association between the pain and number of working years (p <0.001), and also statistically significant association between working hours per day and pain among the workers (P =0.002). There was no association between the age and sleeping disturbance due to pain. Conclusion: work related musculoskeletal disorders are high among the tailors and most common complaints include lower back. Age, working years, working hours could predispose the work related musculoskeletal disorder among tailors. Improvement of work posture, ergonomic tools and further research has been recommended.
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