The purpose of this study was to determine the lifetime prevalence of emotional/psychological abuse among married female healthcare providers in tertiary care hospitals in Karachi, Pakistan. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 350 married female nurses and doctors, recruited from three tertiary healthcare hospitals (one public and two private). This study used the self administered modified truncated WHO multi-country questionnaire. Descriptive and univariate analysis was performed. Of the total sample of 350 female married healthcare providers, 97.7% (n = 342) were reported with one or more forms of domestic violence at some point in their married life, whereby 62.6% (n = 214) lifetime prevalence of emotional abuse was found due to any forms of violence. The univariate analysis showed that those female healthcare providers who had done their diploma were more prone to emotional abuse 46.7% (n = 100). And, nurses experienced more emotional abuse 57.9% (n = 124) in their life than doctors. Moreover, there was a significant difference of emotional abuse among those participants' husband who used and do not use alcohol (p = .009). The most common study participants responses against emotional abuse were: 62% (n = 212), verbally fighting back, 15.2% (n = 52) keeping quiet, 27.2% (n = 93) talking to husband, family/friends, 7% (n = 24) returning to parents' home and 5.8% (n = 20) attempting suicide. Domestic violence leads to emotional scars and should be considered as an inhuman act. However, its prevalence exists in every culture and more so in underdeveloped, economically challenged cultures. Emotional abuse is frequent among nurses and doctors. Socio-demographic factors of women have been identified as one of the determinants of emotional abuse among healthcare professionals. Future research should investigate emotional abuse pat-* Corresponding author.A. J. Khan et al. 175terns not only for professional women but also for housewives.
be used to improve online and community resources and target education in order to improve EC and sexual health knowledge domestically and abroad. http://dx. Objectives:We aimed to quantify the utility (health state desirability) of unintended pregnancy for comparative effectiveness research. Methods: English-or Spanish-speaking women, aged 15-44, at less than 24 weeks' gestation, completed self-assessments of pregnancy context [intention, timing, wantedness, happiness, desirability and planning (London Measure)] and utility, measured with the European Quality of Life Index Score (EQ-5D). We examined associations between pregnancy context and utility scores while adjusting for recruitment site and social and demographic variables using multivariable linear regression. Results: We enrolled 162 women from June 2014 to June 2015. Participants were on average aged 27 (±6.6 years) at 9 (±4.6) weeks' gestational age; 77% had newly positive pregnancy tests; 23% presented for abortion. Participants were culturally diverse: 42% identified as Hispanic, 37% as Black, non-Hispanic, 14% as White, non-Hispanic and 7% as multiracial. Average utility scores for pregnancies were as follows: unintended (0.70; 95% CI, 0.67-0.72), unplanned (0.68; 95% CI, 0.64-0.71), undesired (0.68; 95% CI, 0.65-0.71), unwanted (0.70; 95% CI, 0.67-0.73), occurred at the wrong time (0.68; 95% CI, 0.65-0.71) or created unhappiness (0.66; 95% CI, 0.61-0.72). In adjusted analyses, women reporting their pregnancy's timing as being at the "wrong time" (β=−0.08, p=.0067) had the lowest utility scores compared with those reporting timing as being the "right time." Women reporting timing as being "ok but not quite right" (β=−0.06, p=.0018) and not wanting a baby (β=−0.05, p=.0186) also had lower utility scores; pregnancies that were undesired or unplanned (β=−0.07 for both) or caused unhappiness (β=−0.06) also demonstrated lower utility scores than pregnancies that were desired, planned or caused happiness (pb.05 for all). Conclusions: Pregnancy timing, desirability, wantedness, planning and happiness are more important than intention in predicting low health utility scores. http://dx. Objectives:The Affordable Care Act eliminated consumer cost-sharing for many preventive services, but some women continue to pay out of pocket for intrauterine device (IUD) placement. Our objective was to compare characteristics and health Abstracts / Contraception 94 (2016) 387-434 433
Verbal and physical abuse is a global social and criminal issue against women. The aim of the study is to estimate the prevalence of verbal and physical abuse against married female nurses and doctors working in the tertiary care hospitals in Karachi, Pakistan. A descriptive cross-sectional study done with 350 married female nurses and doctors. This study used the self administered modified truncated WHO Multi-Country Study (2005) tool. Descriptive and univariate analysis were performed. The result showed that verbal abuse (97.1%) was the most frequent form followed by physical (59.4%) abuse. The most common responses of verbal and physical abuse are fought back and remain quiet. The main reason for using silence was fear of escalating the violence. This study has identified that verbal and physical abuses are highly prevalent among nurses and doctors
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