Abstract. For a given odd integer n > 1, we provide some families of imaginary quadratic number fields of the form Q( √ x 2 − t n ) whose ideal class group has a subgroup isomorphic to Z/nZ.
It is well-known that for p = 1, 2, 3, 7, 11, 19, 43, 67, 163, the class number of Q(√ −p) is one. We use this fact to determine all the solutions of x 2 + p m = 4y n in non-negative integers x, y, m and n.
We investigate the solvability of the Diophantine equation in the title, where d > 1 is a square-free integer, p, q are distinct odd primes and x, y, a, b are unknown positive integers with gcd(x, y) = 1. We describe all the integer solutions of this equation, and then use the main finding to deduce some results concerning the integers solutions of some of its variants. The methods adopted here are elementary in nature and are primarily based on the existence of the primitive divisors of certain Lehmer numbers.
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