A major focus of existing literature on energy conservation is the modelling and quantification of energy savings and the corresponding carbon dioxide emissions from lightings. While many studies have established theoretical frameworks concerning these issues, very little documentation exists relating to energy savings and emission levels in students' hostels. This paper considers the lighting efficiency improvement of four University of Lagos halls of residence for the purpose of quantifying energy saving and the minimization of carbon dioxide that can be made. Compact fluorescent lamps are considered alternatives to the current primary usage of conventional fluorescent and incandescent bulbs. The existing electricity consumption data obtained from energy audit are used in combination with conversion factors to estimate the annual CO 2 contributed to the atmosphere by lighting in each of the buildings. The result of the study shows that over 45% reduction in carbon dioxide emission can be achieved. There is a lot individuals can do to reduce the emissions, for example, using energy saving appliances, turning off appliances when not in use, less use of fossil fuels, are simple measures that can be adopted to reduce annual carbon footprint, improve economic growth, enhance environment, health and save the planet.
Purpose
Storage systems are deemed to be unable to provide revenue commensurate with the resources invested in them, thus discouraging their incorporation within power networks. In prosumer microgrids, storage systems can provide revenue from reduced grid consumption, energy arbitraging or when serving as back-up power. This study aims to examine stacking these revenue streams with the aim of making storage systems financially viable for inclusion in prosumer microgrids.
Design/methodology/approach
With the aim of reducing self-consumption and maximising revenue, the prosumer microgrid incorporating hybrid energy storage systems (HESS) and solar PV power is solved using the CPLEX solver of the Advanced Interactive Multidimensional Modeling Software (AIMMS). The financial analysis of the results is carried out to provide the payback periods of different system configurations of the prosumer microgrid.
Findings
The findings reveal that the payback period of the three HESS when minimising grid expenses during self-consumption alone and when compared with stacked revenue streams shows an improvement from 4.8–11.2 years to 2.4–6.6 years. With stacked HESS revenues, the supercapacitor-lithium ion battery HESS gave the shortest payback period of 2.31 years when solar PV power is at 75% penetration level.
Originality/value
Existing literature has considered revenue streams of storage systems at the electrical power transmission and distribution levels, but not for prosumer microgrids in particular. This study has captured these benefits and verified the profitability of stacking revenue from HESS to prosumer microgrids, using a case study.
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