Background:Adequate Vitamin D is essential for dental and skeletal health in children and adult. The purpose of this study was to assess the correlation of serum Vitamin D level with external-induced apical root resorption (EARR) following fixed orthodontic treatment.Materials and Methods:In this cross-sectional study, the prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency (defined by25-hydroxyvitamin-D) was determined in 34 patients (23.5% male; age range 12–23 years; mean age 16.63 ± 2.84) treated with fixed orthodontic treatment. Root resorption of four maxillary incisors was measured using before and after periapical radiographs (136 measured teeth) by means of a design-to-purpose software to optimize data collection. Teeth with a maximum percentage of root resorption (%EARR) were indicated as representative root resorption for each patient. A multiple linear regression model and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to assess the association of Vitamin D status and observed EARR. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:The Pearson coefficient between these two variables was determined about 0.15 (P = 0.38). Regression analysis revealed that Vitamin D status of the patients demonstrated no significant statistical correlation with EARR, after adjustment of confounding variables using linear regression model (P > 0.05).Conclusion:This study suggests that Vitamin D level is not among the clinical variables that are potential contributors for EARR. The prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency does not differ in patients with higher EARR. These data suggest the possibility that Vitamin D insufficiency may not contribute to the development of more apical root resorption although this remains to be confirmed by further longitudinal cohort studies.
The main objective in root canal preparation is to develop an enlarged and shaped taper from apical to coronal, maintaining the original canal shape. The aim of this study is analysis of root canals dentin removal shaped by MTwo (Group M) and K3 (Group K) rotary fi les using spiral-computed tomography. A total of 40 mesiobuccal root canals of mesial roots with curvatures ranging 20-35 degree, and working length ranging 15-17 mm included the study. The initial images were reconstructed and cross-sections corresponding to distance 2, 4.5 and 7mm from the anatomic apex. Group M was prepared with Mtwo fi les with master apical fi le size 40 (single length technique) and group K was prepared with K3 fi les (VT technique, %4), with master apical fi le size 40. Post instrument images was recorded as same as the initial ones. Dentinal thickness measured in buccal, mesial, lingual and distal sections of each root canal. Statistical analysis was performed with one sample test Kolmogorov-Smirnov and T-test for comparing samples between groups. The mean total root dentine removal between group M (0.17+-0.04) and group K (0.20+_0.07) was statistically different (P<0.001). Group K showed 15% more dentin removal compared group M. Recording to our fi ndings K3 had showed more dentin removal than Mtwo especially in apical and coronal third of curved root canals, so Mtwo acted better than K3.
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