Effect of biscuit processing on the destruction of aflatoxins B1 and G1 with and/or without some commonly leavening agents used namely sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate and sodium bisulfite and sodium chloride.It was found that mixing step reduced the concentration of aflatoxins B1 and G1 by 80.7% and 82.7%, while the effect of baking step being 28.9% and 21.5%. The effect of mixing was found to be more pronounced than that baking step.The highest destruction effect on aflatoxin B1 was observed by adding a mixture composed of sodium and ammonium bicarbonate and sodium bisulfite followed by sodium chloride, sodium bisulfite, ammonium bicarbonate and/or sodium bicarbonate alone, where the reduction values of toxin after mixing were 93.4,91.9,91.7, 88.8 and 86.6% respectively, while the baking effect ranged 17.2 to 34.5% in the presence of different leaving agents added.Concerning aflatoxin G1; the highest destructive effect of toxin was adsorbed by adding a mixture of sodium and ammonium bicarbonate and sodium bisulfite followed by sodium bisulfite, sodium chloride, ammonium bicarbonate and/or sodium bicarbonate alone since the destruction values of such toxin after mixing were 96.2%, 92.8%, 92.6%, 89.0% and 87.7% respectively, while the baking effect ranged 20.9 to 34.5% in all leavening agents added.
Background:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is considered as one of the most challenging tumors with high incidence, prevalence and mortality rates. Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) is one of the emerging therapeutic modalities used for the minimally invasive treatment in the management of early-stage of HCC. Aim: This study aimed to assess quality of life for patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma undergoing Radio Frequency Ablation. Design: Descriptive design was used to achieve the aim of this study. Setting:This study was conducted at the Interventional Radiology Unit, affiliated to Ain Shams University Hospital Subject: A purposive sample of 50 patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma. undergoing RadioFrequency Ablation. Tools: (I)Structured Interview Questionnaire for patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma undergoing Radio Frequency Ablation. It is composed of three parts. Socio-demographic characteristic, Assessment of Patients' medical health and knowledge about HCC and RFA. (II) Quality of life of cancer Survivors Questionnaire. Results: The present study revealed that near two thirds of patients had an unsatisfactory level of knowledge to all items about HCC and RFA. On the other hand there were statistically insignificant relations between the patient's Quality of life and their level of knowledge. Conclusion: More one half of the studied patients had Low QoL regarding physical, social, emotional, functional and Spiritual wellbeing. The most prominent physical problem with low effect quality of life of physical dimension among the studied patients were chest pain, lack of energy recurrent infection and urinary retention. Social and family problem concerning with low quality of life of social and family dimension was treatment cost as burden on patient's family. Recommendations: Health education programs about disease and its treatment modalities should be provided for HCC patients using new methods of teaching such as computer assisted instructions and home videos should be performed. Further studies about the effect of the bio-psychosocial needs on the patients`quality of life and outcomes.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.