Objective: The aim of this study is to prepare and obturate the curved canals of the mesiobuccal root of maxillary first molar with four different file systems that is protaper hand files, rotary pro taper (RP) files, heroshaper hand files, and rotary hero shapers files and to evaluate the adaptation of their single-cone Gutta-percha by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: Eighty teeth were selected and were divided into two groups (G1A1, G1A2 and G2A1, G2A2 as hand and RP file system, G1A3, G1A4 and G2A3, G2A4 as hand and rotary hero shaper files system) of fourth teeth each. After access opening working length of the mesiobuccal canal was established. The distobuccal and palatal roots of the samples were removed using the diamond disc at the furcation level. “Endoanalyser” software was used to measure Schneider's angle on the preoperative radiograph. This angle was measured by drawing two lines-one parallel to the long axis of the canal, in the coronal third, and the second line from the apical foramen to intersect the point where the first line left the long axis of the canal. The canals of each group were then prepared according to the manufacturer's instructions for protaper hand files, RP files, heroshaper hand files, and rotary hero shapers files systems. Direct digital radiography image of all the samples was obtained. And then, the samples were exposed to CBCT to evaluate their single-cone adaptations. The data were analyzed using SPSS 20, IBM, Armonk, NY, United States of America. Results: The null hypothesis that there will not be any gap area in the adaptation of their single-cone of different file system was rejected. Minimal gap area was seen in rotary hero shapers file system (0.001 mm 2 ) and was maximum in hand protaper (HP) file system (0.015 mm 2 ). Conclusion: CBCT is a useful tool in detecting the gap area after obturation in curved canals. The HP single-cone adaptation showed the maximum gap area and rotary heroshaper single-cone adaptation showed the minimum gap area.
Introduction: Nickel, which is a potent allergen, is used as a key metallurgical ingredient for manufacturing orthodontic brackets. The study aims at extracting nickel levels in patient's saliva at different time interval. Methods: A total of twenty patients, ten bonded with conventional 3M Stainless steel brackets (group A) and another ten with nickel free brackets(group B). Group B was further divided into two groups of five each, based on different manufacturing companies viz Classic orthodontic and d-tech orthodontics. Three samples of stimulated saliva were collected from each patient at the following intervals: before placement of appliance, one hour after placement and a week after the appliance is being placed. The sample were then analysed with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer for amount of nickel release. Results: Study revealed that the nickel release in 3M stainless brackets in first hour of the bracket placement was very high compared to pre-treatment nickel level. Gradually the release was found to decrease when it was measured after one week. In the second group comprising nickel free brackets by Classic orthodontics the release of nickel gradually increased from the time the appliance was placed in the oral cavity over a period of one week. Third group having d-tech nickel free orthodontic brackets the release in nickel was found to be significantly on higher side after one hour of the appliance placement which eventually decreased over a period of one week. Conclusions: The final outcome of the present study revealed that manufacturing companies and extended time interval has a profound effect on nickel release from simulated fixed orthodontic appliance. Nickel free brackets used in the study though claim to be absolutely nickel free but some amount of nickel was found in them also.
Aim & Objectives: Concern about the transmission of infection from patients to healthcare workers & vice versa is increasing. According to occupational safety & health administration, USA guidelines, gloves must be worn whenever there is a reasonable likelihood of contact of body fluids of patients to health personnel's in order to prevent contamination. The aim of this study is to report the pattern & incidence perforation of surgical gloves after single-use during different dental &maxillofacial surgical procedures & also to compare the perforation rate in single & double gloving methods during different elective& emergency oral & surgical procedures.Material & Methods: This prospective study was done for six months in the department of oral &maxillofacialsurgery. All the gloves used during elective & emergency, minor & major surgical procedures were collected. Both visual & hydro insufflations techniques were used to check the gloves for perforation & parameters were recorded.Results: A total of 1000 gloves were recorded, used in emergency& elective procedures. The percentage of operating doctor, assistant nurses was recorded. 34.54% gloves used in IMF were perforated.22.14% gloves used in Trans alveolar extraction with burs and 13.33% sharp surgical instruments perforated gloves.Suture needles perforated 18% gloves and needle pricks during extraction perforated 12% gloves. The overall perforation rate in all surgical procedures mentioned above was 18.62%.The chi square value: 114.129 and p value < 0.001.Conclusions: Double gloving method reduces the risk of contamination from patient to operating staff & vice versa by reducing the inner glove perforation
The present study aimed at assessing the quality of root canal obturations being performed in the state of Jammu and Kashmir. Records of 1056 endodontically treated teeth from patients who visited the department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Indira Gandhi Government Dental College, Jammu were obtained. Intra-oral periapical radiographs of all treated teeth were assessed in terms of canal obturation quality (adequate length and density). Fifty-one percent of the teeth fulfilled the criteria of an acceptable root canal filling. Adequate length and density was found in 78% and 24% of teeth, respectively. Our findings underline the need to improve the quality of endodontic health care being provided to the average patient in the state of Jammu and Kashmir.
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