BackgroundIron deficiency during pregnancy is a risk factor for anemia, preterm delivery, and low birth weight. Iron/Folic Acid supplementation with optimal adherence can effectively prevent anemia in pregnancy. However, studies that address this area of adherence are very limited. Therefore, the current study was conducted to assess the adherence and to identify factors associated with a number of Iron/Folic Acid uptake during pregnancy time among mothers attending antenatal and postnatal care follow up in Akaki kality sub city.MethodsInstitutional based cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 557 pregnant women attending antenatal and postnatal care service. Systematic random sampling was used to select study subjects. The mothers were interviewed and the collected data was cleaned and entered into Epi Info 3.5.1 and analyzed by R version 3.2.0. Hierarchical Negative Binomial Poisson Regression Model was fitted to identify the factors associated with a number of Iron/Folic Acid uptake. Adjusted Incidence rate ratio (IRR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was computed to assess the strength and significance of the association.ResultMore than 90% of the mothers were supplemented with at least one Iron/Folic Acid supplement from pill per week during their pregnancy time. Sixty percent of the mothers adhered (took four or more tablets per week) (95%CI, 56%—64.1%). Higher IRR of Iron/Folic Acid supplementation was observed among women: who received health education; which were privately employed; who achieved secondary education; and who believed that Iron/Folic Acid supplements increase blood, whereas mothers who reported a side effect, who were from families with relatively better monthly income, and who took the supplement when sick were more likely to adhere.ConclusionAdherence to Iron/Folic Acid supplement during their pregnancy time among mothers attending antenatal and postnatal care was found to be high. Activities that would address the above mentioned factors were highly recommended to ensure the sustainability of mothers’ adherence to the supplement.

Introduction: In recent years, overweight and/or obesity among children and adolescents have emerged as a global epidemic. Overweight and/or obesity during adolescence predispose them to the development of cardiovascular and metabolic disorders in adulthood. However, information regarding overweight and/or obesity is still scarce for primary prevention. Thus, this study aimed at assessing prevalence of overweight and/or obesity and factors associated with them. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was employed. The participants were 800 high school adolescents aged 15-19 years selected using multistage sampling technique. Body mass index (BMI) was used to determine the nutritional status. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyses were considered. Results: The overall prevalence of overweight and/or obesity was found to be 75 (9.4%). Having small family size (AOR=3.10 95% CI: 1.69-5.53), learning in private school (AOR=2.73 95% CI: 1.36-5.49), being with lower middle income family (AOR=2.40 95% CI: 1.07-5.37) and living in male headed household (AOR=2.56 95% CI: 1.25-5.24) were significantly and positively associated with overweight and/or obesity. Adolescents in 15-17 years of age (AOR=0.44 95% CI: 0.25-0.75) and those who were walking at least 30 minutes in a day (AOR= 0.40 95% CI: 0.19-0.65) were negatively associated with overweight and/or obesity. Conclusion: This study revealed that overweight and/or obesity are becoming major public health problem. Learning in private school, having small family size, being in male headed household and living in lower middle income household were positively associated with overweight and/or obesity. Early adolescents and those who walk at least 30 minutes per day have inverse relationships. This study showed that promoting active lifestyles and healthy diets should be national public health priority.

Introduction: Estimating the dietary and nutrient intake is one of the indirect methods of assessing nutritional status. Diets of adolescent girls in developing countries including Ethiopia are low in diversity, mostly consuming cereals with limited animal source foods and essential nutrients that led to malnutrition. The problem is highly exacerbated at adolescent stage, which exhibited rapid physiological changes. Hence, this study aimed to assess dietary diversity and associated factors among high school late adolescent girls in Tegede district.Methods: A school based cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 systematically selected adolescent girls from January to February 2018 in Tegede district high schools. Dietary diversity score was measured using a validated 24-hour dietary recall questionnaire based on 10 food groups. Binary logistic regression was used and Bi-variable and multivariable analysis were used to identify factors associated with dietary diversity and 95% confidence interval and Odds Ratio (OR) was computed to assess the strength of association. Variables with 0.05 p-value in the multivariable analysis were taken as significantly associated with the dietary diversity score.Result: The proportion of adolescent girls who had adequate dietary diversity was 47.3% [95% CI: (42- 52%)]. Urban residences [AOR=6.60(3.90 11.16)], Living with family [AOR=5.53(3.26 9.37], common decision on food preparation at household level [AOR=1.97(1.14 3.39], school nutrition club member [AOR=2.33(1.34 4.05)] and access to home gardening (AOR=2.69[(1.57 4.62)] were significant determinants of adequate dietary diversity.Conclusion: This study indicated the proportion of adolescent girls who had diversified diet was low. Family residences, Students living status, decision in home food preparation, school nutrition club member and access to home gardening were significant associated factors. These finding underscored that strengthening of school nutritional club and home gardening is mandatory to curb nutritional related problems.