According to studies conducted in recent years, there is a harmful effect of harmful chemicals in the environment on the cardiovascular system. The level of blood pressure is a very important hemodynamic indicator, the level of which provides primary information about diseases of the cardiovascular system. In this study, the indicators of total body size, blood pressure and heart rate were measured in adolescents living in unfavorable environmental conditions of the Aral Sea region. In adolescents of both sexes, body weight deficiency occupied a significant share. In girls and boys, the excess body weight was about 5%. Obesity was not observed in adolescents of both sexes. Hypotension was detected in 17.64% of the females studied by categories of systolic blood pressure, and there were no cases of hypertension among the females. And in males, hypotension of 8.70% and hypertension of 4.35% were observed. According to the categories of diastolic blood pressure, hypotension of 2.95% and hypertension of 8.82% were detected in females, hypotension of 8.69% and hypertension of 8.70% in males.
Целью работы являлась оценка антропометрических показателей молодежи в возрасте 21-26 лет, родившихся в период максимального использования пестицидов и до 17 лет проживавших в Приаралье-регионе экологического бедствия, в зависимости от степени экологического неблагополучия территории проживания. Методы. В ходе поперечного исследования проведено измерение 33 антропометрических признаков у социально однородной группы из 320 добровольцев (175 девушек и 135 юношей) в возрасте от 21 до 26 лет. По степени экологического неблагополучия территории проживания испытуемые были разделены на следующие группы: 1-критическая, 2-относительно благополучная и 3-благополучная. Межгрупповые различия в количественных признаках изучали с помощью критерия Краскела-Уоллиса с апостериорными сравнениями по Манну-Уитни с поправкой Бонферрони. Категориальные признаки сравнивали с помощью критерия хи-квадрат для биномиального распределения. Результаты. У юношей из критической группы габаритные размеры тела, показатели массивности костей были значительно меньше, чем у сверстников из других групп. У девушек из группы относительного благополучия при отсутствии регионарных особенностей длины тела имели место увеличенные по сравнению с их сверстницами из других групп размеры груди, массивность костей. Пропорции тела у них характеризовались сочетанием долихоморфного телосложения с отсутствием регионарных различий ширины плеч, увеличенным обхватом бедер и шириной таза. У юношей из экологически благоприятных регионов толщина кожно-жировой складки оказалась больше, чем у сверстников из других регионов. У девушек из группы относительного благополучия имели место более высокие значения массы тела и объема талии. При этом ни у обследованных девушек, ни у юношей не обнаружено статистически значимых отличий в частоте встречаемости отклонений массы тела, определяемых по индексу массы тела. Выводы. Выявленные особенности строения тела могли быть сформированы под влиянием поллютантов, обладающих эндокринразрушающим действием и загрязняющих окружающую среду региона. Использованный в работе подход может быть применен для мониторинга состояния здоровья жителей Приаралья и других зон экологического неблагополучия.
Introduction. According to the commonly accepted classification, geographical division of the Southern Near-Aral region (Karakalpakstan, Republic of Uzbekistan) is determined by the distance from the epicenter of the formal Aral Sea ecological disaster. The physique development was compared in male youngsters living in Zone No. 1 (critical), Zone No. 2 (stable) and Zone No. 3 (normal). The aim was a comparison of body length and mass in male youngsters up to 17 years old living in all three zones. Material and methods. Total body length and mass were studied in 320 male volunteers, age 1719. Z-index of body length and body mass index (BMI) were estimated according to the standards of WHO Growth Reference, 2007. Batch-to-batch variations were studied with KruskalWallis test, and MannWhitney criterion including Bonferroni correction for multiple comparison. Categorical features were compared using Fishers exact test for 33 contingency tables with calculating the proportion of children with one or another deviation in body weight. The results were considered statistically significant at p 0.05. Results. Subjects from Zone 1 possessed significantly lower valued of BMI and Z-index. The incidence of Z-index values lower than mean (less 1 SD) were significantly higher in Zone 1 (critical). Conclusion. The results may be explained by via chemical pollution of the environment by the endocrine-disrupting chemicals in the critical zone of the Aral See region ecological disaster and can be implied for the health monitoring of the local population.
The Aral Sea region (Uzbekistan) is infamous because of the ecological disaster characterized by the disappearance of the Aral Sea due to excessive uncontrolled water intake for agriculture needs. A new desert occurrence, soil and climate aridization led to pesticide and toxic metals environment pollution. The impact of environmental conditions in some areas of Uzbekistan on the health of soccer players is not as noticeable as, for example, the effectiveness of training, so it is not widely discussed in scientific papers. The aim of the present study was to study the features of endocrine status, hematology parameters (e.g., red blood cells (RBC) and hemoglobin (Hb)), and their influence on body composition and physical fitness performance in local young soccer players of the Aral Sea region as the territory of ecological disaster. The study involved 60 male soccer players aged from 18 to 22 years. Participants were divided into two groups: the experimental group (EG), which consisted of 30 soccer players living on the territory of the Aral ecological disaster region, and the control group (CG), which included 30 soccer players, natives of the ecologically favorable region of Uzbekistan. All volunteers had anthropometric measurements, concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), total testosterone (TT), estradiol (E2), cortisol (C), RBC, and Hb count. Moreover, Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (YYIRT1) and professional skills tests such as dribbling shuttle test (DSt) and goal accuracy test (GAt) were assessed. When comparing the CG group to the EG group, it was observed that the EG group exhibited statistically significantly reduced levels of TT and E2 (p < 0.05). No significant statistical difference was observed between the two groups in terms of IGF-1 and C (p > 0.05). Regarding hematological parameters, Hb, Ht, and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) were found to be significantly lower in the EG compared with the CG (p < 0.05). Moreover, the distance covered in the YYIR1 test was found to be significantly lower in soccer players within the EG compared with the CG (p < 0.05). Additionally, it was determined that there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of DSt and GAt values (p > 0.05). Lastly, significant differences were observed between the EG and CG in terms of anthropometric characteristics (diameters, skinfold, and somatotype profile) (p < 0.05). The present study showed that the changes in evaluated characteristics might result from the complex influence of endocrine-disrupting chemicals, the content of which is high in the environment of the Aral Sea region. The results obtained may help monitor the health of athletes living in an environmentally unfriendly environment.
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