Sandblasting is an abrasive particles shooting to material surface for cleaning dust, paint, and rust, along as increasing material surface structure quality for coating, painting and other adhesive process. Al2O3 and steel grit are the most abrasive particles used in this process. Al2O3 is reusable particle inspite of more expensive and producing more dust. On the other hand, steel grit is cheaper and producing less dust. This article focuses on the use of the new and the reused steel grit G25 in sandblasting process of construction material low carbon steel. The objective is to study the effect of the new and reused abrasive material steel grit in sandblasting process on the surface quality. The methods of this experiments are comparing the surface quality of sandblasting process of new and once reused steel grit G25 using the same experimental parameters. Fixed parameter in this experiment is the nozzle pressure, 5 bar, while the independent variables are process distance (15 cm, 25 cm, and 30 cm) and the process time (25 s, 45 s, 120 s). Testing analyses in this experiments are roughness test ASTM D7127-13 and coating thickness test ASTM D-7091. Result of the experiment are coating thickness result are the highest 120 μm and the least 94,14 μm for the new steel grit, while 89,88 μm and 58,58 μm the highest and least for the once used steel grit. Highest roughness result for the new steel grit are 21,4 μm and once used steel grit 17,8 μm, while the least rough are 18,1 μm for the new steel grit and 3, 452 μm for once used steel grit. The once used steel grit G25 still can be accepted as abrasive material in sandblasting process but with less good quality than the new one.Key words :sandblasting, new steel grit G25, new steel grit G25, surface roughness.ABSTRAKSandblasting adalah suatu proses penembakan partikel abrasif ke suatu permukaan untuk membersihkan debu, cat, dan karat, dan membuat tekstur permukaan material agar lapisan pelindung dapat menempel lebih baik. Partikel abrasif yang banyak digunakan dalam proses sandblasting adalah Al2O3 dan steel grit. Partikel Al2O3 memiliki ketahanan abrasive yang tinggi, tetapi harganya lebih mahal dan menghasilkan debu proses lebih banyak. Sedangkan, steel grit harganya lebih murah dan sedikit menghasilkan debu proses. Penelitian ini berfokus pada penggunaan material abrasif steel grit G25 baru dan pemakaian ulang untuk proses sandblasting baja karbon rendah untuk material konstruksi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji pengaruh penggunaan steel grit G25 dan penggunaan ulangnya terhadap kualitas permukaan hasil sandblasting.Metode yang digunakan, yaitu dengan membandingkan hasil proses sandblasting dengan partikel steel grit G25 baru dan partikel steel grit G25 pemakaian ulang (1 kali pemakaian) dalam parameter uji yang sama. Parameter tetap yang digunakan yaitu tekanan nozzle sebesar 5 bar, sedangkan variabel bebasnya yaitu jarak (15 cm, 25 cm, dan 30 cm) dan waktu penembakkan (25 detik, 45 detik, dan 120 detik). Analisis pengujian yang digunakan adalah uji kekasaran ASTM D7127-13 dan uji ketebalan cat ASTM D7091. Nilai ketebalan cat tertinggi steel grit baru 120 μm, steel grit ulang 89,88 μm, dan terendah steel grit baru 94,14 μm, steel grit ulang 58,58 μm. Nilai kekasaran tertinggi steel grit baru 21,4 μm, steel grit ulang 17,8 μm, dan terendah steel grit baru 18,1 μm, steel grit ulang 3,452 μm. Penggunaan steel grit G25 penggunaan baru lebih baik dibandingkan dengan penggunaan ulangnya, dengan hasil pengujian steel grit baru yang lebih tinggi dengan penggunaan ulang.Katakunsi : sandblasting, steel grit G25 baru, Steel grit G25 sekali pakai, kekasaran permukaan.
This research aims to study the surface characteristics of low carbon steel JIS G3101 SS400 processed by sandblasting using steel grit G25. The sandblasting process is conducted at a fixed nozzle pressure of 5 bar and pressure angle of 90o, and varying nozzle-to-surface distances at 15, 25, and 30 cm, and blasting durations of 25, 45, and 120 s. Surface characterization is firstly carried out by conducting observation on the surface’s morphology by SEM and chemical composition by EDS. Subsequently, visual inspection and measurement on surface roughness and hardness profile identification by Rockwell and micro-Vickers hardness tests are conducted. A paint thickness test using ASTM D7091 was undertaken to observe the surface characteristics related to the coating process. Based on the result, SEM found valleys, granules, micro-cracks, and grits embedded on the surface. The visual inspection shows the roughness is within the range of Sa2 - Sa3 of ISO 8501 with values are Ra 18.1 and Ra 21.4 µm. The hardened layer exhibits a maximum hardness value of 332 HV and a depth of more than 50 µm by sandblasting parameters of 15 cm distance and 120 s duration. Both roughness and hardness profiles are confirmed, increasing with closer nozzle-to-surface distance and longer blast duration. It is concluded that sandblasting using steel grit G25 is effective in improving the mechanical strength and surface hardness of low carbon steel SS400. These mechanical properties are essential in the paint coating of machinery applications such as pump, tank, ship, and pipeline.
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