Recent information has shown the importance of the V1/ V2 domain as a target in HIV-1 vaccines. This includes the localization of epitopes to potently neutralizing antibodies to this region, the demonstration that binding between a site in V1/V2 and α4β7 receptors facilitates infection in primary CD4-positive T cells, and the demonstration that the presence of antibodies binding to the native form of the V1/V2 domain of HIV-1 gp120 correlated with protection in the RV144 vaccine trial. These results highlight the need to better understand the structure and immunological properties of this region, in order to optimally express the relevant targets in HIV-1 vaccines.
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