In past decades, interdisciplinary research has been of great interest for scholars. Thiazolidine motifs behave as a bridge between organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry and compel researchers to explore new drug candidates. Thiazolidine motifs are very intriguing heterocyclic five-membered moieties present in diverse natural and bioactive compounds having sulfur at the first position and nitrogen at the third position. The presence of sulfur enhances their pharmacological properties, and, therefore, they are used as vehicles in the synthesis of valuable organic combinations. They show varied biological properties viz. anticancer, anticonvulsant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, antioxidant activity and so on. This diversity in the biological response makes it a highly prized moiety. Based on literature studies, various synthetic approaches like multicomponent reaction, click reaction, nano-catalysis and green chemistry have been employed to improve their selectivity, purity, product yield and pharmacokinetic activity. In this review article, we have summarized systematic approaches for the synthesis of thiazolidine and its derivatives, along with their pharmacological activity, including advantages of green synthesis, atom economy, cleaner reaction profile and catalyst recovery which will help scientists to probe and stimulate the study of these scaffolds.

No abstract

: Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound extracted from turmeric. Over the past years, it has acquired significant interest among researchers due to its numerous pharmacological activities like anti-cancer, anti-Alzheimer, anti-diabetic, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory and so on. However, the clinical use of curcumin is still obstructed due to tremendously poor bioavailability, rapid metabolism, lower gastrointestinal absorption, and low permeability through cell that makes its pharmacology thrilling. These issues have led to an enormous surge of investigation to develop curcumin nanoformulations which can overcome these restrictive causes. The scientists all across the universe are working on designing several drug delivery systems viz. liposomes, micelles, magnetic nanocarriers, etc. for curcumin and its composites which not only improve its physicochemical properties but also enhanced its therapeutic applications. The review aims to systematically examine the treasure of information about the medicinal use of curcumin. This article delivers a general idea of the current study piloted to overwhelm the complications with the bioavailability of curcumin which have exhibited an enhanced biological activity than curcumin. This article explains the latest and detailed study of curcumin and its conjugates, its phytochemistry, and biological perspectives and also proved curcumin as an efficient drug candidate for the treatment of numerous diseases. Recent advancements and futuristic viewpoints are also deliberated which shall help researchers and foster commercial translations of improved nano-sized curcumin combination for the treatment of various diseases.

: Heterocyclic compounds are pervasive in many areas of life and one of the heterocycles, imidazole is a unique heterocyclic five-membered aromatic compound having two sp2 hybridized nitrogen atoms. Its integral name is 1, 3 diazole and previously, it was known as glyoxalin. This moiety has achieved a considerable place among scientists in recent years by reason of its divergent synthetic strategies and uncommon biological and pharmacological activities, for example, anti-convulsant, anti-microbial, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-viral, anti-ulcer, analgesic, etc. Due to distinct therapeutic actions, it is still an engrossed area of research. Researchers currently are inventing new greener methods to synthesize its derivatives and to improve its pharmacological activities. The purpose of this review is to study the literature that can help researchers to explore this area, its prevailing program for synthesis in environmentally friendly conditions and biological profile throughout past decades.

No abstract

Substituted pyrans (4H‐Chromenes) are the most significant structural scaffolds in synthetic and medicinal chemistry. They are found in an array of natural products, medicines, and phytochemical compounds, bearing an explicit of pharmacological activities. The structural importance of substituted pyrans has elicited a huge upsurge in the field of synthesis and biology. Different synthetic approaches of 4H‐chromene scaffolds have been discussed systematically to emphasize their significance in the scientific world. The present article summarizes the different synthetic strategies of substituted pyran derivatives via acid‐base catalysis, ionic liquids, nanomaterials, deep eutectic solvents, bio‐based, visible light, metal catalyzed, and so forth developed in the last decade. Moreover, this article will definitely contribute to the scientific world for developing synthetically and biologically important pyran analogs.

In this study, a simple, cost-efficient and green protocol has been described for the synthesis of biscoumarin and bisdimedone derivatives via one-pot Knoevenagel-Michael reaction of aromatic aldehydes with 4-hydroxycoumarin and dimedone, respectively. This approach has defined a new way of synthesizing products (4a-i and 5a-i) in high yields using carbon sulfonic acid as a heterogeneous solid acid catalyst. All the reactions have been executed in a greener medium in short reaction times with high-to-excellent yields. This organic synthesis adheres to the principles of green chemistry as the catalyst is cheap, gentle toward environment, easy to handle and reusable up to six cycles, easily separable through filtration, green reaction media and high yield of derivatives in short reaction time. The structure of the synthesized compounds was established by spectral analysis.

A new and scalable mechanochemical approach has been developed for the synthesis of perimidine derivatives using an efficient and recyclable catalyst, carbon sulfonic acid under metal-free conditions. A wide variety of aldehydes displayed cyclo-condensation reaction with 1,8-diaminonaphthalene in EtOH under ambient reaction conditions via grind-stone technique to produce substituted perimidines in excellent yields (95-99 %) in a very short reaction time. This method has interesting features like single-step synthesis, high functional group tolerance, transition-metal free synthesis, high atomeconomy, recyclable catalyst, no need of tedious purification process, gram-scale synthesis, high green chemistry matrix (Eco-score and E-factor) that make this protocol green and ecofriendly.