In this paper, we modeled the effects of income, agricultural innovation, energy utilization, and biocapacity on Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. We tested the validity of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis for Nigeria from 1981 to 2014. We applied the novel dynamic autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) simulations to develop conceptual tools for policy formulation. The empirical results confirmed the EKC hypothesis and found that agricultural innovation and energy utilization have an escalation effect on CO2 emissions whereas income and biocapacity have long-run emission-reduction effects. The causality results found agricultural innovation attributable to CO2 emissions and observed that income drives energy demand. Income, biocapacity, and energy utilization are found to predict changes in CO2 emissions. These results are validated by the innovation accounting techniques—wherein 22.79% of agricultural innovation corresponds to 49.43% CO2 emissions—5.95% of biocapacity has 35.78% attributable CO2 emissions—and 1.61% of energy spurs CO2 emissions by 16.27%. The policy implication for this study is that energy efficiency, clean energy utilization and sustainable ecosystem recovery and management are the surest ways to combat climate change and its impacts.
This research was done in order to assess the effects of seasonal flooding on irrigation water quality of the floodplains of Wukari Area of Taraba state. Water samples were collected from five different flood plain locations (Nwuko, Tsokundi, Rafin-Kada, Gidan-Idi and Gindin-Dorowa) in 2016 and 2017. Completely randomized design (CRD) was employed replicated three times. The results obtained were subjected to analysis of variance and means separated using F-LSD test at P ≤ 0.05. The results of the water quality analysis showed that all the determined parameters were significantly different at the different sample locations, except water pH of the year 2016 which was not significantly different at the different sample locations. The results show that the flooded water could be used for irrigation since they were found to be relatively safe and hence required little or no treatment for soluble salts. Water from flooding within the Wukari Floodplains is recommended for supplementary irrigation.
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