IntroductionChronic inflammation is a major risk factor in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is the true visceral fat depot of the heart. The relationship between coronary artery disease and EAT was shown in healthy subjects and ESRD patients. In the present study we aimed to investigate the relationship between EAT and inflammation parameters including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in hemodialysis (HD) patients.Material and methodsForty-three HD patients (25 females, 18 males; mean age: 64.1 ±11.9 years) receiving HD and 30 healthy subjects (15 females, 15 males; mean age: 59.1 ±10.8 years) were enrolled in the study. Epicardial adipose tissue measurements were performed by echocardiography.ResultsNeutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio levels were significantly higher in HD patients than in the healthy control group. Hemodialysis patients were separated into two groups according to their median value of NLR (group 1, NLR < 3.07 (n = 21) and group 2, NLR ≥ 3.07 (n = 22)). Group 2 patients had significantly higher EAT, C-reactive protein and ferritin levels, while albumin levels were significantly lower in this group. In the bivariate correlation analysis, EAT was positively correlated with NLR (r = 0.600, p < 0.001) and ferritin (r = 0.485, p = 0.001) levels.ConclusionsNeutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was found to be an independent predictor of EAT in HD patients (odds ratio = 3.178; p = 0.008). We concluded that this relationship might be attributed to increased inflammation in uremic patients.

While the CEA levels of 52.2% of participating cases were within normal limits, there was no statistically significant relationship between the CEA levels and differentiation level of tumor, tumor diameter, and TNM staging. According to the data, CEA levels may be within normal limits in the majority of patients with colorectal cancer. Therefore, normal levels of CEA will not rule out colorectal cancer diagnosis, and it can be concluded that these patients should be investigated in detail.

All expenses of the Archives of Basic and Clinical Research are covered by the unconditional education support provided by Erzincan Culture and Education Foundation (EKEV). Archives of Basic and Clinical Research'ın giderleri, Erzincan Kültür ve Eğitim Vakfı (EKEV) tarafından sağlanan koşulsuz eğitim desteğiyle karşılanmaktadır.

Objective: We aimed to determine the demographic characteristics of colorectal cases and changes in cancer localization according to years in our region. Materials and Methods:In the present study, 752 patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer between January 1992 and December 2010 were included.Results: Of all the patients, 427 (56.8%) were males and 325 (43.2%) were females, with a male/female ratio of 1.3/1. The mean age was 56.2±14.9 years. The most commonly encountered complaint at the first application was rectal bleeding (38.4%). The most commonly encountered tumor localizations were in the rectum (55%) and sigmoid colon (18%). In general, tumors were observed to be localized in the right colon at 16.1% and in the left colon at 83.9%. When tumor localizations were compared in the first 10 years of the study with the second 10 years in the present study, it was observed that tumor numbers in the right colon were increased. Cases in our study were diagnosed as Stage IV according to the tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) classification, and liver metastasis was encountered most commonly. Conclusion:Although colorectal cancer cases have been most commonly encountered in the rectum, it has been recently determined that right colon tumor percentages were increased. It was defined that they were generally diagnosed at later stages. Therefore, colorectal cancer incidence may be decreased by the widespread use of endoscopic techniques in the determination of precancerous lesions.

Hiperkalsemi, sık görülen bir medikal problem olup pek çok sebebi vardır. En sık rastlanılan sebepleri malign hastalıklar ve primer hiperparatiroidizmdir. Ek olarak granülomatöz hastalıklar, ilaçlara bağlı hiperkalsemi ve çeşitli endokrin hastalıklar da hiperkalsemiye sebep olabilir. Hiperkalseminin klinik prezantasyonu ve prognozu; hiperkalsemi gelişme hızı, hiperkalseminin şiddeti ve altta yatan sebeplere bağlıdır. Birçok hasta konstitüsyonel, nörolojik, gastrointestinal semptomlar ve renal hastalık semptom ve bulguları ile başvurabilirler. Ciddi hiperkalsemide, hızlı ve etkili bir tedavi hayat kurtarıcıdır. Raporumuzda, merkezimize hiperkalsemi ile başvurup; malignite, hiperparatiroidizm, hipokalsiüri, tiazid diüretiği ve aktif-inaktif D vitamini kullanımı gibi bir çok hiperkalsemi sebebi olan bir hastaya yaklaşımımızı ve literatür bilgisini sunmayı amaçladık.Hypercalcemia is a common medical problem which has many causes. The most common causes of hypercalcemia are malignant diseases and primary hyperparathyroidism. Additionally granulomatous diseases, medications, endocrinological diseases may cause hypercalcemia. The clinical presentation and prognosis of hypercalcemia is related to the speed of development of hypercalcemia, underlying diseases and the severity of hypercalcemia. Most patients apply with constitutional, gastrointestinal and neurological symptoms or signs and symptoms of renal disorders. In patients with severe hypercalcemia, fast and effective therapy is essential. In this report, we aimed to discuss literature and management of a patient with hypercalcemia who has numerous etiologic factors for hypercalcemia as malign disease, hyperparathyroidism, hypocalciuria, usage of thiazide diuretic and active-inactive vitamin D. AnahtarKelimeler: Hiperklasemi, neoplazm, hiperparatiroidi, hipokalsiüri, vitamin D.