Introduction: Congenital pulmonary airway malformations (CPAM) complicated by hydrops portends significant morbidity and mortality, with fetal survival estimates less than 10%. Case Presentation: We report successful use of ultrasound-guided radio-frequency ablation at 21 weeks gestation in a hydropic fetus with CPAM, with subsequent resolution of hydrops. 32 week MRI noted persistent mediastinal shift, and US at 36 weeks and 5days noted polyhydramnios. Maternal gestational hypertension prompted delivery at 37 weeks, with cesarean section performed after failed trial of labor. The infant required CPAP at 100% and weaned to 21%. Tachypnea persisted, and chest CT on DOL2 demonstrated multiple large cysts in the right lower lobe with anterior pneumothorax. On DOL3 she successfully underwent a thoracoscopic right lower lobectomy. Adhesions to the chest wall and rib abnormalities were noted. She was extubated to CPAP at the conclusion of the procedure. She was able to wean to 21% on POD2, and transitioned to oral feeds. Her chest tube was removed with resultant ex vacuo pneumothorax noted. She remained asymptomatic and was discharged home on room air POD11. Pathology confirmed a type 1 CPAM. Conclusion: In utero radiofrequency ablation may be an adjunct to the management of large CPAM.
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