This study aims to investigate the instructional leadership practices in universities by analyzing the views of department heads. A qualitative method and a case design was used. Data were gathered through a semistructured interview form developed by researchers via face-to-face interviews. The sample consists of 26 department heads from six different faculties of a university in Karadeniz region of Turkey. Participants were determined through maximum variety sampling technique. Results demonstrate that department heads have spent most of their time for administrative issues. For the professional development of the academicians, they give more importance to social and psychological support studies. It is emphasized that guidance and supervision activities are important for the effective implementation of the curriculum. They work for ensuring the courses are being planned according to constructivist approach. In order to provide students sophisticated development, it is stated that social, cultural and sport activities are usually carried out. In addition, it has been understood that department heads should have positive leadership skills such as being successful in their field, renewing themselves constantly and having effective communication skills in order to be a good instructional leader. Based on the results, it is recommended to decrease workloads and to train department heads about educational administration and instructional leadership to support their leadership roles.
ÖzetUçucu maddelerin sanayi sektöründeki işlevselliği dışında keyif verici, uyarıcı ve haz alıcı olarak kötüye kullanımı yaygınlaşmaktadır. Son yıllarda uçucu madde bağımlılığı çocuk ve ergenler arasında hızla yayılmaktadır. Ayrıca çocuk ve ergenlerin madde kullanma sebepleri de değişkenlik göstermektedir. Bağımlılığın görülme sıklığı ortalama 14-15 yaşlarındaki hastalardadır. Uçucu madde bağımlılığını etkileyen psikolojik nedenlere bakıldığında, genelde stresle nasıl baş edileceğinin bilinmemesi, olumsuz ve kötü duygulanımdan kurtulma isteği, maddenin keyif verici etkisinden haz alma, merak etme, bir gruba ait olma isteği kendini güçlü hissetme gibi etkenler sayılabilmektedir.Sosyal faktörlere bakıldığında ise uçucu maddelere erişimin kolay ve ucuz olması, aile içinde kabul görmesi, akran etkisi, sosyal ortamlarda maddeye olumlu bakış açısının olması ve sosyal medyada özendirici görsellerin bulunması başta gelmektedir. Yapılan bu çalışmada da 12 yaşında uçucu madde(çakmak gazı) kullanmaya başlayan aile öyküsünde alkol ve esrar (cannabis) bağımlılığı olan klinik bir vakanın, uçucu maddeye ek olarak alkol ve esrar (cannabis) bağımlısı olmasına neden olan psikososyal etmenler değerlendirilmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Uçucu madde, madde bağımlılığı, psikososyal nedenler AbstractThe abuse of volatile substances as an exciting, stimulating and pleasure-oriented factor is widespread except in the industrial sector.In recent years, inhalants addiction has rapidly spread among children and adolescents. Indeed children andadolescents' use of substance may vary. Inhalants dependence is generally seen at average 14-15 years of age in the patients. When psychological reasons affecting volatile substance dependence are examined, it can be said that factors such as not knowing how to cope with stress in general, desire to get rid of negative and bad emotions, pleasure from matter, pleasure, wanting to belong to a group and feeling strong.When social factors are taken into consideration, it is first and foremost that access to volatile substances is easy and cheap, acceptance within the family, peer influence, positive perspective on the substance in the social environment and encouraging visuals in the social media.Here we present a case of psychosocial factors that cause alcohol and cannabis addiction in his family narrative, which begins to use volatile substance (lightergas) at the age of 12, in addition to inhalants, alcohol and cannabis.
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