OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between childhood traumas (CTs) and severity and symptom dimensions of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). METHOD: One hundred and sixty (160) patients diagnosed with OCD were included. The Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (YBOCS), the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were applied to the participants. RESULTS: According to a cutoff score of > 35 for CTQ total score, 71 (44.4%) OCD patients had no CT history and 89 (55.6%) OCD patients had CTs history. There were no significant difference between the two groups with regard to YBOCS total score or to obsessions and compulsions except aggressive obsessions. The associations between aggressive obsessions, BDI total score, BAI total score and emotional abuse were statistically significant, but the correlation between aggressive obsessions and emotional abuse was no longer significant after controlling for BDI and BAI total scores. In the parallel multiple mediator model analysis, there were not statistically significant mediator effects of depression and anxiety variables in the relationship between emotional abuse and aggressive obsessions. Mobility in childhood was significantly correlated with physical abuse, and this correlation was still significant after controlling for BDI and BAI total scores. BDI total score was significantly associated with sexual abuse. CONCLUSION: The relationship between CTs and OCD should be reconsidered in light of other contributing factors such as comorbidity.
Biological underpinnings (i.e., “bio” of bio-psycho-social approach) of Bipolar Disorder (BD) comes to the forefront when addressing its etiology and treatment. However, it is a condition that is challenging to manage with medication, and often the medication alone is insufficient since the symptoms of the disease have different episode characteristics. When the prevalence and inefficacy of drug treatments are considered together, the cruciality of psychosocial interventions in the treatment of the is undeniable. Moreover, treatment non-compliance is another problem that needs to be addressed psychosocially. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) has its unique place among psychosocial interventions with numerous features such as being empirical and flexible, and it is recommended as an evidence-based adjuvant therapy in all stages of the disorder except acute mania. In this review, we discuss how CBT is used in specific domains of the disorder, following a general outlook on the evidence for CBT in BD. We focused on the essentials of psychotherapy practice with a pragmatic approach from the CBT point of view.
Schizophrenia is a heterogeneous disorder that affects behavioral, affective, and cognitive domains and consists of positive and negative psychotic symptoms. Antipsychotic therapy is the first-line treatment for schizophrenia. However, treatment adherence levels are low. Even if there is good treatment compliance, residual symptoms and treatment resistance can be seen. As a result, recent schizophrenia treatment guidelines suggest Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) as adjunctive to antipsychotic therapy. CBT is known effective, especially on positive symptoms. This paper aims to review CBT practices and their effectiveness in schizophrenia.
Objective The comorbidity of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and personality disorders (PDs) is frequent but there are conflicting findings about which PDs are the most common. This study aimed to investigate the personality beliefs that exist on a more pathological level among OCD patients, to explore the association between personality beliefs and OCD severity, and to clarify the mediator effect of depression in this relationship.Methods 202 OCD patients and 76 healthy controls with similar sociodemographic features were included in the study. The Personality Belief Questionnaire-Short Form was administered to both groups. The Yale-Brown Obsessions and Compulsions Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, and the Beck Anxiety Inventory were administered only to the clinical sample.Results The dependent, histrionic, paranoid, borderline, and avoidant personality subscale scores were significantly higher in the OCD group than in the control group. There was an association only between OCD severity and narcissistic personality beliefs, also depression mediated the relationship between narcissistic personality and OCD severity.Conclusion Some personality beliefs at a pathological level are more common among OCD patients. Personality beliefs, as well as depression, should be routinely assessed, as they may affect OCD severity, help-seeking behavior, and response to treatment.
Objective: In current psychiatric practice, the principal goal in the treatment of patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is to achieve remission. Symptom-based definitions of remission do not adequately reflect the treatment expectations of depressed patients. The "Remission from Depression Questionnaire (RDQ)" evaluates not only symptoms of depression but also patients' other psychiatric symptoms, positive mental health, ability to function in various contexts, sense of well-being, life satisfaction and ability to cope. The first aim of this study is to assess the reliability and validity of the RDQ's Turkish language version. Secondly, it purposes to compare the scale with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) in psychometric terms. Method: 106 outpatients who met MDD diagnosis criteria according to Diasnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV) were included in the study. After the translation and back-translation processes, the RDQ, HDRS, BDI, Beck Anxiety Inventory and World Health Organization Quality of Life survey (short version) were administered. Results: All item-scale correlations were found to be statistically significant, and the median value for correlations was .534. The RDQ Turkish version demostrated excellent internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha coefficient of .945. The test-retest reliability value for the overall RDQ was .908. The correlations between the RDQ subscales and psychosocial functioning, quality of life areas, anxiety severity and depression severity were evaluated and convergent validity analysis was performed, revealing significant relationships between the RDQ total and subscale scores and the other applied scales. For a discriminant validity assessment, the RDQ scores and subscales of two groups made up of the patients who were in remission and those who were not in remission were compared with the HDRS score (with a cutoff point of 7 points) or BDI (with a cutoff point of 17 points) score. We conducted a ROC curve analysis to determine the most appropriate cutoff score for the RDQ. When the cutoff value 7 of HDRS were used, sensitivity was found to be 86.7% for a cutoff value of 43 for the RDQ, and specificity was 73.5%. When the cutoff value 17 of BDI were used, the sensitivity was 85.5% and the specificity was 75% for a cutoff value of 43 for the RDQ. Conclusion: Our findings show that the Turkish version of RDQ is a reliable and valid scale.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.