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The aim of this study was to determine the zinc, iron, copper, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium levels in blood serum and zinc and copper levels in hair of dogs with canine visceral leishmaniasis. The serum zinc and iron levels were found to be significantly lower in diseased dogs than those of healthy controls. Serum copper levels were significantly higher, whereas no significant differences were observed for calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium. There were no significant differences in the zinc and copper levels in hair. Our results show that the serum zinc, iron, and copper levels are altered in canine leishmaniasis.

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The present study aimed at detecting DNA damage and fragmentation as well as histone acetylation depending on oxidative stress caused by CCl4 intoxication. Also, the protective role of N-acetyl cysteine, a precursor for GSH, in DNA damage is investigated. Sixty rats were used in this study. In order to induce liver toxicity, CCl4 in was dissolved in olive oil (1/1) and injected intraperitoneally as a single dose (2 ml/kg). N-acetyl cysteine application (intraperitoneal, 50 mg/kg/day) was started 3 days prior to CCl4 injection and continued during the experimental period. Control groups were given olive oil and N-acetyl cysteine. After 6 and 72 h of CCl4 injection, blood and liver tissue were taken under ether anesthesia. Nuclear extracts were prepared from liver. Changes in serum AST and ALT activities as well as MDA, TAS, and TOS levels showed that CCl4 caused lipid peroxidation and liver damage. However, lipid peroxidation and liver damage were reduced in the N-acetyl cysteine group. Increased levels in 8-hydroxy-2-deoxy guanosine and histone acetyltransferase activities, decreased histone deacetylase activities, and DNA breakage detected in nuclear extracts showed that CCl4 intoxication induces oxidative stress and apoptosis in rat liver. The results of the present study indicate that N-acetyl cysteine has a protective effect on CCl4-induced DNA damage.

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Makale Kodu (Article Code): 2009/083-A ÖzetSitokinler vücutta değişik hücreler tarafından sentezlenen, multi fonksiyonel polipeptitlerdir. Sitokinlerden biri olan TNF-∝ doğal ve kazanılmış bağışıklık, hücre regülasyonu, farklılaşması ve apoptosis süreçlerinde önemli rollere sahip; IL-6 ise doğal ve kazanılmış bağışıklık, karsinoma ve B hücresiz leukemilerde çoğalmayı önleyici, değişik dokuların büyümesini, farklılaşmasını düzenleyen bir çok işlevi olan sitokinlerdir. Çalışmada ratlarda deneysel olarak 3-metilkolantren ile oluşturulan fibrosarkomlarda, IL-6 ve TNF-∝ düzeyleri belirlendi. Araştırmanın materyalini 16 adet 8 haftalık ağırlıkları 150-200 gram olan erkek Spraque Dawley türü rat oluşturdu. Deneme süresinin başında deneme grubundaki ratların boyun bölgelerinin dorsaline, fibrosarkoma oluşturmak üzere 0.25 ml susam yağında çözdürülen 0.2 mg 3-metilkolantren, kontrol grubuna ise tek doz 0.25 ml susam yağı deri altı yolla tek doz enjekte edildi. Tümor oluşumu yaklaşık 150-210 gün sürdü. Deney süresinin sonunda ratlara eter anestezisi altında ötenazi uygulanarak kalbin atrium kısmından alınan kanlar santrifüj edilerek serumları ayrıldı. Serumlarda IL-6 ve TNF-∝ düzeylerine, ELISA yöntemiyle BioSource firmasının kitleriyle bakıldı. Deneme grubundaki ratlarda serum IL-6 düzeyleri ortalama 67.85±3.13 pg/ml, kontrol grubunda ise 38.45±3.39 pg/ml; TNF-∝ düzeyleri ise deneme grubunda ortalama 53.35±9.08 pg/ml, kontrol grubunda ise 26.42±2.22 pg/ml olarak tespit edildi, deneme grubundaki serum IL-6 düzeyinin kontrol grubuna göre 1.8 kat; serum TNF-∝ düzeylerinin 2 kat arttığı belirlendi. Elde edilen bulgular sonucunda, çalışma sonuçlarının, kanserin patognezinin aydınlatılması ve prognozu alanında yapılacak çalışmalara katkıda bulunacağı, kanısına varılmıştır. Anahtar sözcükler: Fibrosarkoma, IL-6, TNF-∝, Rat Levels of Interleukin 6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-∝ in Serum from Fibrosarcoma Induced Rats SummaryCytocines, produced by virtually all types of cells, are multifunctional polypeptide. TNF-∝ is a plethoric cytokine that has a major role in natural and acquired immune, cell regulation and differentiation and apoptosis. IL-6 has a lot of functions in natural and acquired immune, inhibit growth at carcinoma, tissue's growthing and differential. In this study, serum IL-6 and TNF-∝ levels were investigated in fibrosarcoma induced by 3-methylcholantrene. Sixteen male Spraque Dawley rats were used in this study. The experiment took about 150-210 days until the appearance of tumor tissue. 0.2mg 3-methylcholantrene solved in 0.25ml sesame oil were injected subcutaneously on the neck to experimental group, however only sesame oil given to control group. To find out whether any tumor tissue occurred animals were palpated daily. At the end of the experiment, the blood of animals was taken from atrium of the hearth under the ether anesthesia and than serum was prepared. Serum IL-6 and TNF-∝ levels were analyzed using BioSource kits at ELISA. Serum IL-6 levels were found 67.85±3.13 pg/ml in experimental group; 38.45±3...

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