This study shows that ELF-EMF induces a decrease in growth rate and morphological changes for both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.

Men's belief in sexual myths and factors effecting these myths Objective: Sexual myths are often exaggerated, incorrect and unscientific ideas on sexuality that people believe to be true. The aim of this study is to determine the acceptance rate of common sexual myths and related factors among men. Method: Data was collected from 167 voluntary males (18-67 years). A structured interview including sociodemographic characteristics and sexual myth questionnaire investigating 30 common sexual myths was carried out with the participants. Result: There are numerous myths regarding sexuality in our study population. It was found that marital status, educational level, region lived until adolescence (sub-district and village or province and district), first source for sexual information and result of the first sexual relationship influence rates of belief for sexual myths. Conclusion: High levels of belief in sexual myths among males in our study group can be interpreted as a result of inadequate sexual education in the society. We believe that further larger scale population studies might be beneficial for planning sexual education in our society.

Breast cancers in Turkey tend to be diagnosed at advanced stages due to lack of organized comprehensive mammographic screening. In this study, factors associated with having a mammogram among healthy women of screening age in Bahcesehir county, a region in Istanbul, were investigated to assess the feasibility of organized breast cancer screening in Turkey. In this cross-sectional study, 659 healthy women aged between 40 and 69 years were surveyed. A multiple-choice questionnaire was used to obtain information regarding patient demographics, family history of cancer, and patient knowledge on mammographic screening. Factors associated with increased likelihood of having a mammogram included age older than 50 (OR=1.75; 95% CI=1.23-2.49), higher educational level (high school or university graduate; OR=1.55; 95% CI=1.07-2.25), and undergoing periodic gynecologic examinations (OR=5.53; 95% CI= 3.88-7.89). Women aged between 40 and 49 years, who were most likely to have a mammogram within the last 2 years were characterized by a higher educational level (OR=1.94; 95% CI=1.14-3.31), periodic gynecologic examinations (OR=4.06; 95% CI=2.53-6.51), and a first or second degree family history of breast cancer (OR=2.2; 95% CI= 1.06-4.50). In contrast, women aged between 50 and 69 years were more likely to have undergone mammography within the previous 2 years if they also had undergone periodic gynecologic examinations (OR=8.63; 5.04-14.77). Our findings suggest that women of lower educational level and those who do not undergo routine wellness visits with their gynecologist will need to be specifically targeted for educational outreach to achieve broad screening compliance within the population.

Amaç: Cinsel mitler, kişilerin cinsel konularda doğru olduğunu düşündükleri, çoğu zaman abartılı, yanlış, bilimsel değeri bulunmayan inanışlardır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, erkeklerde sık görülen cinsel mitlere inanma yaygın-lığının ve cinsel mitlere inanmayı etkileyen değişkenlerin belirlenmesidir. Yöntem: Araştırmaya 167 erkek katılmıştır. Verilerin ilk bölümü sosyodemografik özellikler ve cinsel öykü ile ilgili soruları, ikinci bölümü ise 30 soruluk Cinsel Mit Değerlendirme Formunu içeren anket formunu kapsamaktadır. Bulgular: Cinsel mitlere inanma yaygındır. Medeni durum, eğitim düzeyi, ergenlik öncesi yaşanılan bölge, ilk cinsel bilgi kaynağı ve ilk cinsel ilişki sonucunun cinsel mitlere inanmayı etkilediği saptanmıştır. Sonuçlar: Bulgularımıza dayanarak, erkeklerde de cinsel mitlere inanmanın yüksek düzeylerde olmasını, toplumda var olan cinsellikle ilgili bilgilerin eksikliği ya da yanlışlığı ile açıklayabiliriz. Daha fazla katılımcı ile daha genellenebilir çalışmaların yapılması, toplum tabanlı cinsel eğitimlerin planlaması için yol gösterici olacaktır. Anahtar kelimeler: Cinsellik, mitler, cinsel bilgi ABSTRACT Men's belief in sexual myths and factors effecting these mythsObjective: Sexual myths are often exaggerated, incorrect and unscientific ideas on sexuality that people believe to be true. The aim of this study is to determine the acceptance rate of common sexual myths and related factors among men. Method: Data was collected from 167 voluntary males (18-67 years). A structured interview including sociodemographic characteristics and sexual myth questionnaire investigating 30 common sexual myths was carried out with the participants. Result: There are numerous myths regarding sexuality in our study population. It was found that marital status, educational level, region lived until adolescence (sub-district and village or province and district), first source for sexual information and result of the first sexual relationship influence rates of belief for sexual myths. Conclusion: High levels of belief in sexual myths among males in our study group can be interpreted as a result of inadequate sexual education in the society. We believe that further larger scale population studies might be beneficial for planning sexual education in our society.

Objective:To collect information about breast cancer knowledge level, information sources and breast cancer screening attendances of women residing in Moda/İstanbul, aged between 40-69 and who are also in the risk group. Materials and Methods:This is a population-based, cross-sectional research. Data has been collected by interviewing 1271 women aged between 40-69 years, living in Moda from a sample which was drawn randomly and staged by age groups with the width of 5. Chi-square test was applied in the research. Results:Of the women participating in the study 99.8% stated that they had heard/read some information about breast cancer. They stated that they had obtained most information about breast cancer from television (67.2%) and the least from the health staff (22.1% from doctors, 2.8% from nurses). Older age, as a breast cancer risk factor, was known only by only half of the women (%52.8). However, the most known risk factor (%96.5) was "having first degree relatives who were diagnosed with breast cancer." Fiftyfour % of women had had a mammography in the last two years. It is observed that well-educated women, with a higher monthly income, social security and daily newspaper reading habits were screened with mammography more in the last two years. "The lack of knowledge on the necessity of screening" is the most stated reason among others those related to not attending a mammographic screening. Conclusion:In the research, it has been found that women's general level of knowledge about breast cancer was high, but their attendance at screening programs was low. Guiding women in the risk group by providing knowledge about screening programs, such as time and frequency of screening as well as to whom it is carried out, from the most widely used information source, namely television, will increase attendance at mammographic screenings. ÖZETAmaç: İstanbul/Moda'da oturan ve meme kanseri risk grubunda bulunan 40-69 yaş arası kadınların meme kanseri bilgi düzeyleri, bilgi kaynakları ve meme sağlığı ile ilgili uygulamaları hakkında bilgi edinmek.Yöntem ve Gereçler: Topluma dayalı, kesitsel bir araştırmadır. Beşerli yaş gruplarına göre tabakalı, basit-rastgele yöntemle seçilen örneklemde, Moda'da oturan, 40-69 yaş arası 1271 kadınla yüz-yüze görüşülerek veri toplanmıştır. Araştırmada Ki-Kare testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Kadınların %99,8'i meme kanserini duyduğunu-okuduğunu belirtmiştir. Araştırmaya katılan kadınlar meme kanseri hakkındaki bilgiyi en fazla televizyondan (%67,2), en az oranda da sağlık personelinden aldıklarını (%22,1 doktor, %2,8 hemşire) belirtmişlerdir. Meme kanseri risk faktörlerinden 'ileri yaş', kadınların sadece yarısı (%52,8) tarafından bilinirken, 'birinci derece akrabada meme kanseri olması' en çok bilinen (%96,5) risk faktörü idi. Araştırmadan önceki son iki yıl içerisinde kadınların %54'ü mamografi çektirmişti. Eğitim düzeyi yüksek, aylık geliri yüksek, sosyal güvencesi olan ve her gün gazete okuyan kadınların son iki yıl içinde daha çok mamografi çektirdiği saptanmıştır. Mamografik taram...

Introduction: This study aimed to demonstrate the changing epidemiology of infecting microorganisms and their long-term resistance profiles and to describe the microbiological point of view in anti-infective management of intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Methodology: A total of 5,690 isolates of Gram-negative bacilli were included in this study. Antibiotic susceptibility was tested using the disk diffusion method and Vitek 2 system. Chi-square tests were used for hypothesis testing. Results: The most frequently isolated organisms were A. baumannii (37.3%), P. aeruginosa (30.3%), Enterobacter spp. (10.4%), E. coli (10.4%), and Klebsiella spp. (8.9%). A. baumannii was the most frequently isolated organism from the respiratory tract (43.4%); the susceptibility rates for imipenem and meropenem decreased to 7% and 6% (p < 0.0001), respectively. The percentage of multidrug-resistant (MDR) A. baumannii isolates continuously increased from 18.7% in 2004 to 69% in 2011 (p < 0.0001), whereas MDR P. aeruginosa isolates increased from 1.5% to 22% (p < 0.0001). Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella isolates emerged in 2010 and increased to 20% in the next year. The rates of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in the ICU was very high in 2011 -50% for E. coli and 80% for Klebsiella strains. Conclusion: The most common isolated Gram-negative bacillus in our study was A. baumannii and that the prevalence of MDR isolates has increased markedly over. Accordingly, the comparison of antibiotic resistance of other pathogens in 2004 and 2011 displayed an increasing trend. These data imply the urgent need for new and effective strategies in our hospital and in the region.

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Purpose: To evaluate the performance of an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm in a simulated screening setting and its effectiveness in detecting missed and interval cancers. Methods: Digital mammograms were collected from Bahcesehir Mammographic Screening Program which is the first organized, population-based, 10-year (2009-2019) screening program in Turkey. In total, 211 mammograms were extracted from the archive of the screening program in this retrospective study. One hundred ten of them were diagnosed as breast cancer (74 screen-detected, 27 interval, 9 missed), 101 of them were negative mammograms with a follow-up for at least 24 months. Cancer detection rates of radiologists in the screening program were compared with an AI system. Three different mammography assessment methods were used: (1) 2 radiologists’ assessment at screening center, (2) AI assessment based on the established risk score threshold, (3) a hypothetical radiologist and AI team-up in which AI was considered to be the third reader. Results: Area under curve was 0.853 (95% CI = 0.801-0.905) and the cut-off value for risk score was 34.5% with a sensitivity of 72.8% and a specificity of 88.3% for AI cancer detection in ROC analysis. Cancer detection rates were 67.3% for radiologists, 72.7% for AI, and 83.6% for radiologist and AI team-up. AI detected 72.7% of all cancers on its own, of which 77.5% were screen-detected, 15% were interval cancers, and 7.5% were missed cancers. Conclusion: AI may potentially enhance the capacity of breast cancer screening programs by increasing cancer detection rates and decreasing false-negative evaluations.