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To contribute to the small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) financing literature, this paper uses a unique sample of 492 Turkish SMEs to analyse the firm-level determinants of SME perceptions of bank financing accessibility. Logistic regression results reveal that older and relatively more innovative firms are more positive about their ability to secure bank loans, as are SMEs that have longer relationships with their oldest banks. Firms with two owners are more inclined than firms with a single owner and firms with three or more owners to perceive accessing bank loans as easy. This finding signals that although bank loan applications of firms with two owners have higher credibility than those of firms with a single owner, having more than two owners creates more complex agency problems for banks. Compared with firms incurring a loss, firms that make a profit or break even perceive it to be easier to obtain bank financing. SMEs in the service industry are more positive about accessing bank loans than are firms in manufacturing and other industries.

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Factor analysis is a method that is used to reduce several variables into fewer dimensions that are called factors. This study conducts factor analysis on the financial ratios of the top 500 industrial enterprises in Turkey for 2010. The purpose of the study is to group the financial ratios into categories and eliminate redundancy among them. Our results provide partial support for the textbook classification of financial ratios.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to measure and observe stock market and investor reactions (benchmark adjusted cumulative abnormal returns (CARs)) to the announcement of Marriott’s acquisition of Starwood and related merger and acquisition (M&A) news and related activities over a two-year period. Design/methodology/approach Empirical models and quantifications were developed and tested through event study analysis to test the Marriot-Starwood M&A news and related activities and to observe the abnormal stock return patterns. Several data sources were employed including Factiva by Dow Jones, Wall Street Newspaper, CRSP/COMPUSTAT merged files, and ValueLine Research. Findings This paper provides financial insights and outcomes of pre-, during, and post-Marriot-Starwood merger. While equity returns to Starwood were mostly flat, Marriott experienced negative returns around the acquisition announcement and anytime a news article appears following the announcement. However, performance proxies showed that Marriott’s shareholders gained superior buy and hold returns following the acquisition in the long run. Research limitations/implications Short-term event study methodology might be less than perfect in examining the stock returns to acquisitions. Therefore, future research is encouraged to test and observe Marriot-Starwood merger using longer time periods with predictive analysis to check the further usability of the results. Practical implications The study’s findings practically signal that overreaction in the short term is followed by a correction with an improvement in returns and sales performance of Marriot. In the majority of the acquisitions, integration process is not planned until after the acquisition announcement or the deal completion. Originality/value This paper contributes to the existing literature by demonstrating the financial issues, challenges, and outcomes of the biggest merger in the history of the global lodging industry.