Experiments involving the intercropping faba bean with each of lupin, fenugreek and Egyptian clover as well as growing faba bean alone were carried out at Assiut University on a farm naturally infested with Orobanche in two seasons. The major objective of the study was to investigate the effect of different intercropping combinations with faba bean on the infestation with Orobanche. The results obtained revealed that intercropping faba bean with each of lupin, fenugreek and Egyptian clover markedly reduced the Orobanche crenata Forsk infestation of faba bean. the number of branches, the height of the first pod, the number of pods, the seed yield and the number and dry weight of Orobanche spikes were significantly affected by the intercropping treatments, but these had no significant influence on plant height, straw yield or 100-seed weight. intercropping faba bean with each of lupin, fenugreek and Egyptian clover increased the faba bean seed yield, consequently the economic return was also increased.

This investigation was carried out at the Experimental Farm of Assiut University during the summers of 2000 and 2001 to study the responses of two sunflower hybrids (Vidoc and Euroflora) to planting dates (May 1 st , June 1 st and July 1 st ) and planting densities (55,533, 83,300 and 166,600 plants/ha). The results indicated that the two varieties differed highly significantly in all studied traits except oil yield/ha. The highest seed yield (3.64 t/ha) was obtained with the variety Vidoc. In addition, the results revealed that the planting date exerted a highly significant influence on all vegetative growth traits along with yield and its components. Increasing plant density increased the seed and oil yield/ha. By contrast, the stem diameter, head diameter, 100-seed weight and seed yield/plant decreased with increasing plant density.The interaction between varieties and plant density had a highly significant effect on head diameter. The greatest head diameter (20.06 cm) was recorded for the variety Vidoc planted at lower density. Concerning the interaction between planting density and planting date, the highest seed yield (4.47 t/ha) was obtained from dense plants at the early sowing date, and the highest oil % (45.32) at the late planting date and the lowest plant density.The second order interaction exerted a highly significant influence on stem and head diameter in addition to seed yield/plant, where the highest value (78.13 g/plant) was obtained with the variety Vidoc planted on May 1 st at the lowest plant density.

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Beef sausage was prepared by the incorporation of chickpea protein isolate (CPI) at the ratio levels 10, 15 and 20% of beef meat was studied in order to assess the yield, quality characteristics and shelf life of beef Sausage (BS). BS quality characteristics was assessed by pH, moisture content, Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value, total plate count (TPC), mold and yeast count, organoleptic properties, and physical properties. Obtained results found that the pH values and moisture content are affected slightly prolonged storage period, However, TBA values were not affected by the addition of CPI at zero day of cold storage. The TPC of the fresh BS samples were found in the range of 3.7-4.3 logarithm cfu/g. BS samples were acceptable to Committee members and integration of CPI did not influence admissibility. Integration of CPI increased the values of Hunter L and b but reduced the other values and hardness. During refrigerated storage at (0 °C) the values for L, a, b was fluctuating irregularly. It was summarized that the integration of CPI prepared sausage could improves slightly sensory properties namely texture, color, and juiciness. Also, the shelf life of the emulsified sausages was not significantly changed by the incorporating CPI into the formula.

Recently, the use of biostimulants as natural and eco-friendly fertilizers has received increasing attention because of their efficiency in terms of improving crops’ qualitative and quantitative parameters, i.e., growth, yield, and chemical composition. We studied the effect of four biostimulants—humic acid (20 g/L), vermicompost tea (15 mL/L), moringa leaf extract (1:30 v/v), and yeast extract (5 g/L), with tap water as a control treatment—on the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of snap beans. The experiment was designed using a complete randomized block with triplicates. The results showed a significant improvement in treated plant performance (growth and yield), chlorophyll, and chemical composition compared to untreated plants. Using moringa leaf extract increased the plant height, number of leaves and branches/plant, and fresh and dry weight. Additionally, the diameter of the treated plant stems and the quality of the crop and pods were also significantly higher than those of plants treated with vermicompost or humic acid extract. It is also noted that the profile of amino acids was improved using all tested biostimulants. This leads to the conclusion that the addition of moringa leaf extract and vermicompost tea not only positively affects the qualitative and quantitative properties of snap bean but is also reflected in its nutritional value as a plant-based food.

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-Introduction. Algerian oases are characterized by a diversification of local fruit species and cultivars. However, this diversity is subject to erosion. To preserve the genetic heritage, we undertook the first work on the inventory of fruit species crops in the region of Touggourt in south-eastern Algeria. Materials and methods. Our working methods were based on surveys carried out on farms in the Oued Righ region according to a questionnaire that met our objectives. For this, we divided the study region into three zones and in each zone we selected ten farms for the inventory of fruit species cultivated. Results and discussion. The results of our investigations allowed us to identify thirteen species, including four species with a wide distribution (pomegranate tree, apricot tree, fig tree and vine). The local genetic diversity of these species is little known. The varieties or cultivars inventoried have local names given by the farmers in the region according to certain morphological characteristics of the fruit. We surveyed five cultivars for the fig tree, two cultivars for the pomegranate tree, two cultivars for the vine, and two apricot tree cultivars. The study of the biodiversity of fruit trees in the Oued Righ region showed high richness of the species and cultivars; some are local and others are endemic to the region. Better knowledge of genetic diversity will begin with tests of behavior and characterization of the different genotypes encountered to dispel the ambiguities and to highlight the actual composition of populations or varieties of different species.Algeria / Sahara / oases / biodiversity / fruit crops / farm surveys / erosion La biodiversité des espèces fruitières dans la vallée de Oued Righ : cas de la région de Touggourt (Algérie).Résumé -Introduction. Les oasis algériennes se caractérisent par une diversification des espèces fruitières locales et de leurs cultivars. Cependant, cette diversité est sujette à l'érosion. Afin de préserver le patrimoine génétique, nous avons entrepris un premier travail d'inventaire des cultures fruitières dans la région de Touggourt au sud-est de l'Algérie. Matériel et méthodes. Nos méthodes de travail ont été basées sur des enquêtes menées dans les exploitations agricoles de la région d'Oued Righ à partir d'un questionnaire orienté vers nos objectifs. Pour cela, nous avons divisé la zone d'étude en trois zones et, dans chaque zone, nous avons sélectionné dix fermes qui ont donné lieu à un inventaire des espèces fruitières cultivées. Résultats et discussion. Les résultats de nos enquêtes nous ont permis d'identifier treize espèces, dont quatre avec une large distribution (grenadier, abricotier, figuier et vigne). La diversité génétique locale de ces espèces est peu connue. Les variétés ou cultivars inventoriés portent des noms locaux donnés par les agriculteurs de la région en fonction de certaines caractéristiques morphologiques du fruit. En ce sens, nous avons identifié cinq cultivars pour le figuier, deux cultivars pour le grenadier, deux cultiva...

In 2004, onion plants ( Allium cepa cv. Giza 6) in several commercial fields in upper Egypt (Assiut), exhibited symptoms of blight on the leaves and seed-stalk. Initial symptoms on leaves consisted of tip necrosis followed by small white and/or large purple spots. A fungus was consistently isolated from diseased tissue and identified as Stemphylium vesicarium , based on morphological characteristics (Ellis, 1971). Conidiophores were pale to medium brown with dark bands, smooth or minutely verruculose and conidia oblong to ovoid, densely verrucose with 1-5 transverse and several longitudinal septa, 13-21 × 25-40 µ m. Ascomata forming in culture contained hyaline, bitunicate, clavate asci with 8 ascospores that were light to medium brown, ellipsoidal, verrucose with 5-7 transverse and several longitudinal septa, usually in incomplete series, 9-17 × 17-46 µ m. Simmons (1969) identified the telemorph of S. vesicarium as Pleospora allii.To confirm the pathogenicity of 15 isolates, inocula were prepared by growing isolates on potato dextrose agar at 27 ° C for 15 days. Sterile distilled water (10 mL) was added to each plate and colonies were carefully scraped with a sterile needle. The resulting conidial suspension from each isolate (diluted to 5 × 10 4 CFU per mL) was used to infect 12 onion plants (110-day-old cv. Giza 6), using an atomizer to spray leaves and seed-stalks. After inoculation, plants were covered with polyethylene bags for 48 hours to maintain a high humidity, after which the bags were removed and plants were kept under field conditions until symptoms appeared. Symptoms were similar to those observed in onion plants in commercial fields. The fungus was reisolated from lesions of inoculated plants, but not from tissues of any of the control plants inoculated with sterile water only. This experiment was repeated with the same results.