Cd is a heavy toxic metal like Pb but has never been reported as a component of eyeliners. The most likely possible cause of the corneal clinical picture in our case is due to the toxic effect of Cd found in the traditional eyeliner (Kohl) used in Saudi Arabia.
general examination, detailed ophthalmic evaluation and radiological imaging were done. He underwent orbital exploration via anterior orbitotomy incision and debulking of the tumor was done. The histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of orbital ganglioneuroma. Ganglioneuroma is an unusual benign tumor of neuroplastic origin with extremely rare orbital involvement with only one prior reported case in a youth. The tumor is slow growing and non-metastasizing. Biopsy is necessary to differentiate it from the malignant neuroblastoma and excision is usually curative.
A 44-year-old male with schizophrenia presented with progressive right proptosis for one year and conjunctivitis for two months. An orbital cyst was seen in the superotemporal region on computerized tomography and was surgically removed. There was no history or radiological signs of paranasal sinus disease or previous trauma. Histopathologic evaluation revealed a cyst lined with respiratory epithelium. Respiratory choristomatous cysts of the orbit are considered rare in both pediatric and adult patients. We review the literature of respiratory orbital cysts and conclude that they tend to present in adults and should be considered in the differential diagnoses of orbital cysts.
Neuroendocrine tumors most frequently involve the gastrointestinal tract and bronchopulmonary system. Few cases of presumed primary neuroendocrine tumors in the orbit have been reported so far and most of the orbital cases are actually metastatic. We describe the unusual occurrence of this tumor in the orbit of a 16-year-old boy. The lesion was initially thought to be primary; however, the diagnosis of a metastatic orbital lesion was later supported by the histopathological appearance of his orbital biopsy, characteristic immunohistochemical profile and the presence of a primary mediastinal tumor. The patient did not have any symptoms suggestive of a carcinoid syndrome during the course of his disease. Unfortunately, tests showed lymph node involvement and distant metastatic lesions and he died from these a few months later while on palliative therapy
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