Background: Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been found to have important roles in vascular pathology and may be involved in the occurrence of pre-eclampsia. In this study, the serum levels of MMP-2, -7, -9 in normal pregnant women and pre-eclampsia patients were analyzed to assess their predictive value. Methods: A total of 1563 pregnant women from Peking University Third Hospital, from February 2021 to October 2021, were enrolled. Serum samples were collected from patients one to three times, during the different trimesters. Among the 102 singleton pre-eclampsia patients, we collected samples from 33 patients in the first trimester (6–13 GW), 33 in the second trimester (14–28 GW), 41 in the third trimester (29–41 GW) and 28 after onset of pre-eclampsia. Samples from each trimester were collected before the onset of pre-eclampsia. Then we selected 35, 37, 43 and 25 samples from 124 healthy pregnant women by matching their age, BMI and gestational weeks, using these as the control groups. Serum levels of MMP-2, -7, -9 were detected by ELISA. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate their predictive value. Results: Except for the first trimester, MMP-2 and MMP-7 were significantly higher in the pre-eclampsia group (p < 0.5). Additionally, in the pre-eclampsia group, MMP-9 increased significantly in the first trimester and after the onset of pre-eclampsia but decreased significantly in the second and third trimesters (p < 0.5). The ROC curve indicated that MMP-9, MMP-2 and MMP-7 were the best indicators for predicting pre-eclampsia in the first, second and third trimesters, respectively. Conclusion: Increased MMP-2 and MMP-7 levels and a decreased MMP-9 level seem to be related to the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia and are expected to be potential predictors of pre-eclampsia.
Supplementary Table 1.Details of flow cytometry antibodies used in this study. molecule Fluorescein company Cat No. clone Reactivity isotype * Except where indicated otherwise, values are the mean±SD. RA = rheumatoid arthritis; WBC = white blood cell; ESR = erythrocyte sedimentation rate.For the comparison between two groups, the t test was used. For the comparison among the three groups, the numerical results were compared using ANOVA, and the proportion results were compared using the chi-square test.
Objective
This study aimed to clarify the expression of HLA‐DQ and granulysin in peripheral blood T‐cell subsets in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (CHB) and to evaluate their significance in assisting CHB diagnosis and immune status assessment.
Methods
Peripheral blood from 34 CHB patients, 36 inactive HBsAg carriers and 33 healthy controls were collected, and HLA‐DQ and granulysin in a series of T‐cell subsets were analysed by flow cytometry. The ability to secrete IL‐10 and IFN‐γ and the functional T‐cell subsets were measured in Treg and CD4 cells expressing HLA‐DQ or not. Correlation analyses were further conducted between HLA‐DQ/granulysin‐related subsets and clinical indicators of HBV infection, and ROC curves were built to evaluate diagnosis efficiency of HLA‐DQ‐related subsets.
Results
HLA‐DQ+ percentages in circulating CD4 T cells were downregulated in CHB patients. The proportions of HLA‐DQ + Tfh in CHB were upregulated while HLA‐DQ+ percentages in Treg were decreased. In terms of function, the IFN‐γ secretion ability of CD4 + T cells and IL‐10 secretion in Tregs were stronger in HLA‐DQ+ than HLA‐DQ‐ subsets. HLA‐DQ + CD4 + T cells and HLA‐DQ + Treg were negatively correlated with HBV‐DNA, while HLA‐DQ + Tfh and Tfc cells were positively correlated with HBV‐DNA and ALT. HLA‐DQ + Treg/Tfh/Tfc could help to distinguish CHB from inactive HBsAg carriers.
Conclusion
HLA‐DQ on T cells can characterize the function of T‐cell subsets and analysis of HLA‐DQ can help to evaluate immune status and assist in diagnosis of CHB.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.