Objective: Thalassemias major are the most common autosomal recessive disorders; they are characterized by anomalies in the synthesis of the beta chains of hemoglobin and are often associated with varying degrees of craniofacial anomalies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the craniofacial dimensions of b-thalassemia patients and to identify differences by comparing them to those of a control group. Materials and Methods:The study comprised 43 thalassemia major patients and 26 age-and sexmatched healthy control subjects. Anthropometric measurements were performed in six different craniofacial regions (head, face, nose, mouth, eyes, and ears); a total of 23 craniofacial variables were measured.Results: Craniofacial measurements in the regions of the face, nose, lips and mouth, and ears in the thalassemia major patient group yielded statistically significant differences compared to those in the control group (p<0.05). However, no statistically significant differences were observed in the measurements of the head and eye regions. Conclusion:The study increased our understanding of the craniofacial anatomy of thalassemia major patients and enabled us to obtain quantitative results.Keywords: Thalassemia major, craniofacial measurements, Turkey ÖZ Amaç: Talasemi major; otozomal resesif kalıtım paterni gösteren, hemoglobin beta zincirinin sentezinde bozukluklar ile karakterize ve genellikle değişen derecelerde kraniyofasiyal anomalilerin eşlik ettiği bir hastalıktır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, talasemi major' hastalarının kraniofasial boyutlarını değerlendirmek ve kontrol grubuna göre farklılıkları tespit etmektir.Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamız; 43 Talasemi Major'lü hasta ve aynı yaş ve cinsiyet gruplarından eşleşme ile seçilen 26 sağlıklı kontrol üzerinde yapıldı. Antropometrik ölçümler altı farklı kraniofasiyal bölgeden (baş, yüz, burun, ağız, göz ve kulak bölgeleri) alındı ve toplam 23 ölçüm yapıldı.Bulgular: Yüz, burun, ağız ve kulak bölgelerinde yapılan ölçümler açısından olgu ve kontrol grupları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar bulundu (p<0.05). Baş ve göz bölgesi ölçümleri bakımından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanmadı(p>0,05).
As a result of our study, the metric data we obtained will be useful in cases where the skeletons' sex could not be determined by any other methods. We believe that, our study may be useful for other studies in determining of sex from foramen magnum. Our measurements could give some information of the normal ranges of the foramen magnum in normal population, so that this can contribute to the diagnosis process of some diseases by imaging. (Folia Morphol 2018; 77, 1: 99-104).
We believe that the determination of foraminal variations could be an important guide for neurosurgeons and radiologists in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases in this area.
Plant tissue culture is an efficient technique for conserving endemic plant species. A reproducible in vitro regeneration protocol was developed for the endemic Iris sari and Iris schachtii in the present study. The highest number of shoots per explant was obtained on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L thidiazuron (TDZ) plus 0.5 mg/L α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 1 mg/L TDZ plus 0.5 mg/L NAA, whereby 96.88% and 100% shoot induction with 9.55 and 11.34 shoots per explant of Iris sari and Iris schachtii were recorded, respectively. Regenerated shoots were successfully rooted on MS medium with either 1 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) or 1 mg/L IBA plus 0.2 mg/L NAA. Rooted shoots were transferred to pots containing either a peat-soilsand (1:1:1) mixture or a hydroponic culture containing Hoagland solution to acclimatize the regenerated plants to the greenhouse chamber. Approximately 90% of plants were transferred ex vitro successfully.
Objectives: This study aims to investigate the potential relationship between joint laxity and postural balance by using tetra-ataxiometric posturography (Tetrax®). Patients and methods: A total of 69 healthy volunteers were included in the study and classified into three groups based on their hypermobility severity determined with Beighton-Horan hypermobility index scores. Of those, 29 participants were non-hypermobile, 13 participants were mildly hypermobile and remaining 27 patients had severe hypermobility. Postural control of the participants was evaluated by using the Tetrax® device in eight different positions. The stability index, Fourier index, weight distribution index, and synchronization index scores of each participant were recorded. Results: We found that the participants with severe hypermobility exhibited significantly higher stability index scores while the position of the head is extended and rotated right. The weight distribution index on elastic surfaces was impaired in non-hypermobile and severely hypermobile participants. We observed that the Fourier Index scores were higher at a higher-medium frequency (0.5-1 Hz) in participants with severe hypermobility. There was no difference between the groups in terms of synchronization index scores. Conclusion: These findings suggest that severely hypermobile individuals have a decreased postural stability in head-extended and headrotated positions when compared to individuals who are non-hypermobile. This increased instability may lead to an increased risk of musculoskeletal injuries, especially in sports that require extension and rotation movements of the head.
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