Eating attitudes toward food may have an effect on overall health and contribute to cultural differences in non-communicable diseases. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 250 University girls in Peshawar to investigate eating attitude in relation to nutritional status. Girls were assessed in personal regarding eating attitude, anthropometric, dietary and biochemical indices. Based on Eating Attitude Test (EAT-26) scales, girls with and without eating disorders (anorexic and non-anorexic groups) were identified. In SPSS, An independent t-test and chisquare test were used to evaluate association between anemia and risk factors. Point-biserial and Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient showed positive association of EAT-26 and body image score with Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC), Waist to Hip Ratio (WHR), Total Body Fat (TBF) and Visceral Body Fat (VBF) while negative correlation with Hemoglobin (Hb) (p<0.01). In the logistic regression analysis, two major dietary patterns, healthy (49%) and (51%) unhealthy were identified. Anorexic girls were 69 (27.6%) and non-anorexic 181 (72.4%). Means weight, BMI, WC, WHR, TBF and VBF of the non-anorexic group were significantly lower than those of anorexic groups (p<0.05). Based on BMI and WC, more anorexic girls were found overweight and obese in comparison to the rest (p<0.05). Risk factors associated with anemia included underweight, poor eating attitude, anxiety/depression and stress; supplements not using and unhealthy dietary pattern. The study concluded that University girls are at higher risk for getting eating disorders which may lead to both acute and chronic health problems.
Eating disorder causes serious disturbances in behaviors related to nutrition in adolescent. Although most of these attitudes are benign, they can bear significant psychological and health risks. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 250 university adolescent girls studying in Peshawar Pakistan to explore their eating disorder, nutritional and health status. Girls were interviewed for eating attitudes by using Eating Attitude Test (EAT-26), socio-economic status and body image. Anthropometric and biochemical indices were measured. Based on EAT-26 scale, girls with and without eating disorders were identified. In both groups the association between anemia and risk factors was evaluated. Health and nutritional risk factors for anemia in girls were identified by applying logistic regression. Mean score of EAT-26 was 18±10.5 while for Dieting, Bulimia, Oral Control and Body Image of the girls was 8.5±7, 3.20±2.59, 6.36±4.41 and 20±9 respectively. EAT-Score was found in strong association with anemia in unadjusted and adjusted analysis. Among the health factors, girls with symptoms of anxiety, depression and stress were more likely anemic than their counterpart. More anorexic girls were found overweight and obese in comparison to the rest (p<0.05). Body shape being android or gynoid as well as anemia were found similar among the groups (p>0.05). More anorexic girls showed significant difference in less freshness, disrupted sleep and low physical activity (p<0.05). It has been concluded that eating disorders (anorexia) are more prevalent in university adolescent girls and could adversely affect the health and nutritional status of the students.
This study prepares children to deal with COVID-19 and its frequent waves. Coronavirus infection cannot be prevented by pills or medications. Vaccines can prevent most infections. An increase in immunity is necessary to protect against COVID-19. CoViD-19 is better protected by a good immune system and a healthy diet. You can consume a variety of vitamins and foods to improve your health and immunity. The diet and hygiene of the body can help you prevent infections or diseases. These children are prepared or taught the consequences of their actions. COVID-19 most often affects children asymptomatically-meaning they show no symptoms of it. Children need to have periodic discussions about Appropriate Behavior in COVID-19.
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