More than half of those who succumb to cancer each year also lose their battle with the disease, making cancer a leading cause of death worldwide. After surgery, hormonal therapy, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which are preferred in cancer management, immunotherapy has revolutionized. In this mini-review, we cover the various immunotherapeutic approaches used in contemporary cancer immunotherapies. These are immune checkpoint blockade, an attemp planned to ‘unleash’ robust T cell responses, and adaptive cellular therapies connected on the infusion of tumor-struggling immune cells into the body. One of these attemps, Nivolumab, became the first ICI to be approved to treat lung cancer in 2014. To date, different ICIs, such as pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, and durvalumab, have been in a row introduced into clinical medicine and have shown significant effect. Therefore, in this mini-review, we present some emerging goals and attemps in cancer immunotherapy.
Capsaicin is the main component of many hot peppers, exerts anticancer effects on various cancer cells by inducing apoptotic pathways. In addition, the ineffectiveness of this apoptotic effect of capsaicin on healthy cells provides a wide-ranging use of capsaicin. In recent years, many studies have been carried out to determine the safety of capsaicin use in lung cancer, which is a common cancer type worldwide with high mortality rates. In the present study anticancer effects of capsaicin were studied on A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cell line. Also, citotoxicity of this compound was studied on L929 mouse embryonic fibroblast cell line. Various concentration of capsaicin (3.90625-500 μM) effectively decreased cell viability in A549 cell line in a dose-dependent manner. Also, this antiproliferative effect of capsaicin was selective compared to L929 cell line. On the other hand, apoptosis inducing effects of capsaicin were studied by Annexin V-FITC and Caspase 3 assays by using IC50 and IC50/2 concentrations on A549 cell by flow cytometric methods. Our results revealed that the anticancer effects induced by capsaicin on A549 cell line involved apoptosis by inducing Caspase 3 pathway.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.