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Root canal revascularization was performed on immature permanent teeth clinically and radiographically diagnosed as requiring root canal treatment. Following disinfection of the canal space with triple antibiotic paste (1 : 1 : 1: ciprofloxacin, metronidazole and cefaclor), a tissue scaffold was created with cPRP prepared using 2-step centrifugation. The final restoration was completed with white mineral trioxide aggregate and composite resin. The patients were recalled for clinical and radiographic evaluations every 3 months. At the 12-month follow-up apical closure by narrowing of the apical foramen and convergence of the apical walls in the treated teeth was observed.

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A 27-year-old woman was admitted to the Emergency Department with right upper-extremity numbness and mild weakness followed by a bifrontal throbbing headache for 30 min, which was similar to a headache lasting for 12 h that had occurred 3 days ago. Laboratory tests were unremarkable except for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lymphocytic pleocytosis. On the following day, a headache episode with left hemiparesis and hemihypoaesthesia, left hemifield visio-spatial inattention, anosagnosia and confusion recurred. The headache was diagnosed as headache and neurological deficits with cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytosis (HaNDL) syndrome according to the criteria of the second edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders. Simultaneously performed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed swelling of the grey matter, CSF enhancement in the sulci of the right temporal and occipital regions and hypoperfusion of the same brain regions. During the following 10 days two more similar episodes recurred and during the ensuing 12 months the patient remained headache free. Neuroimaging findings of the HaNDL syndrome are always thought as virtually normal. MRI abnormalities in our patient have not been reported in HaNDL syndrome previously, although they have been reported in hemiplegic migraine patients before. The findings in our case suggest that hemiplegic migraine and HaNDL syndrome may share a common pathophysiological pathway resulting in similar imaging findings and neurological symptoms.

The present study suggests that the GSTM1 null genotype may be a genetic risk factor for development of primary open angle glaucoma. Further associations studies in other polymorphic genes for xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes are needed to elucidate the environmental-genetic interaction in the underlying cause of primary open angle glaucoma.

An altered oxidant-antioxidant balance may play a role in the pathogenesis of XFS.

This study aimed to use micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) imaging to evaluate the efficacy of the reciprocating and rotary systems for the removal of root filling materials in comparison with hand files. Thirty maxillary incisor teeth were prepared with ProTaper Universal (PTU) system, filled using cold lateral condensation and randomly divided into three groups of ten teeth each. The root fillings were removed with WaveOne Reciprocating and ProTaper Universal Re-treatment (PTU-R) systems and hand files. Micro-CT was used to scan the specimens before and after each treatment step. Percentage of volume of residual root filling was measured. The operating time was recorded. PTU-R instruments yielded better results for removing filling material, even though there was no statistically significant difference between PTU-R and WaveOne groups. Reciprocating and rotary systems showed similar performances in terms of efficacy and operating time for root filling removal.

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