A new sensor, based on boramidic acid-bounded MWCNTs (Multi-walled carbon nanotubes), was synthesized in three simple steps. Modification of the sensor surface was accomplished using boric acid in which the boron atom is adjacent to the NH group. Characterization, electrochemical behaviors, and stability of newly modified nanosensor were completed using SEM (scanning electron microscope), TEM (Transmission electron microscope), CV (cyclic voltammetry), EIS (electron impedance), DTA (Differential thermal analysis), and XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy). SEM and TEM analysis were confirmed the modified surface of the nanosensor. The stability of the newly synthesized sensor was also designated that the initial weight loss occurred between 50-145°C was corre-sponded to the degradation of both ethylene diamine and boric acid. According to the EIS study, the Nyquist plot of the MWCNTs-NH-B (OH) 2 /GC electrode displayed a 0.435 kΩ Rct with a smaller semicircle than the bare GC (6.57 kΩ). The electrochemical behavior of dopamine was investigated using cyclic and square wave voltammetry (0.1 M phosphate buffer solution-pH 7.4). The diffusion-controlled process was determined when the oxidation of dopamine was studied. The detection limit of dopamine was found to be 5.1 nM. An actual sample study was done using the developed analytical method, and the detection of dopamine in urine was successfully performed. This study is the first example of boramidic acidmodified multi-walled carbon nanotubes
ÖZET: Van Gölü dünyanın en büyük sodalı gölü olmasının yanında tuzlu su özelliği de taşımaktadır. Van ve Bitlis illeriyle çevrili olan gölün kuzey ve batısında tümüyle volkanik, güneyinde metamorfik ve doğusunda ise baskın olarak sedimanter kayaçlar vardır. Bu çeşitlilik nedeniyle Van Gölü suyu, kimyasal parametreleri açısından araştırmacıların her dönem ilgisini çekmiştir. Bu çalışma kapsamında iyon kromatografisi yöntemiyle Van Gölü suyunun doğal kalitesini yansıtan anyon ve katyonların konsantrasyon düzeyleri araştırılmıştır. 8 farklı nokta ve 9 farklı derinlikten alınan su örneklerinin kimyasal analizi sonucunda ortalama pH değeri 9.52 düzeyinde bulunurken, elde edilen verilere bakıldığında ortalama derişim değerleri başlıca katyonlardan kalsiyum 355.3, magnezyum 117.1, sodyum 8 612.6, potasyum 473.6, lityum 0.3 ppm; başlıca anyonlardan florür 4.8, klorür 10.5, bromür 20.5, nitrat 3.7, fosfat 13.6, sülfat 2 900.4 ppm olarak bulunmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçların mevzuat kapsamında değerlendirilmesi sonucunda; Van gölü suyunun içerdiği iyonik bileşenler bakımından Yerüstü Su Kalitesi Yönetmeliğineki parametrelere göre IV. sınıf su kalitesinde olduğu bulunmuştur. Van Gölü Havzasında göl suyunun kalitesine yönelik çalışmalar geçmiş senelerde az sayıda yapılmış olmakla beraber bu analizler şimdiye kadar düzenli bir şekilde yapılmamıştır. Bu çalışma, kapsamlı bir araştırma olup kullanılan teknikler bakımından da önemli yenilikler içermektedir. Özellikle kromatografik teknikler bakımından bu alandaki çalışmalara orijinal katkılar yapacağı düşünülmektedir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Anyon, iyon kromatografisi, katyon, su kalitesi, Van Gölü ABSTRACT: Van Lake is the world's largest sodium nodule lake, as well as salt water. Van and Bitlis are surrounded by volcanic rocks in the north and west, metamorphic to the south and predominantly sedimentary rocks to the east. Due to this diversity, Van Lake water has attracted attention from researchers in every period in terms of chemical parameters. Lake Van Basin pond water quality studies for the past few years, although the analyses made so far are not made on a regular basis. In this study, concentration levels of anions and cations reflecting the natural quality of Van Lake water were investigated by ion chromatography. As a result of the chemical analysis of the water samples taken from 8 different points and 9 different depths, the average pH value was found at 9.52 and the resulting data is looking at average concentration values of major cations calcium 355.3, magnesium 117
Even though natural products or crops have been more common and popular in the recent, the chemicals without side-effects have been also addressed in various fields of industries due to possibility obtaining the large quantity and more bio-efficacy. In that context, many drugs have been developed for antibacterial activities but the over-uses of those relevant drugs have caused that microorganisms have adapted and evolved resistance against those drugs. Those lead to the researchers to focus on newly synthesized or functionalized molecules. In that context, nanotechnology, especially modified nanocarbon tubes (NCTs), are of the great interest of the various industries. Along with the current study, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were functionalized with three steps. Firstly, the carbon nanotube with a carboxylic acid tip on its surface was commercially purchased and then converted into acyl chloride, and later converted into a more reactive group. Then, the nucleophilic amino group such as diethylene triamine is bonded onto the carbon nanotube. Finally, after the carbon nanotube material with amine groups was functionalized with boric acid, carbon nanotube molecules carrying boric acid molecules were synthesized. Following modification and functionalization of MWCNTs, the newly synthesized molecules were characterized using FT-IR, SEM, TEM and XPS. After chemical characterization, the relevant molecules were screened for their anti-bacterial activities in comparison to those of well-known antibiotics. For anti-bacterial assays, molecules were tested against K. pneumoniae, E. coli, P.aeruginosa, S. aureus and B. subtilis. Concerning the findings of the antibacterial assays, concentrations of 40 and 80 μg /mL exhibited a range of activities but in parallel with those of standard antibiotics whereas the lower concentration, viz. 5, 10 and 20 μg / mL did not exhibit any activities. The highest activity was noted for 80 μg / mL, in comparison to those of antibiotics and other concentrations, against B. subtilis, with a 23 mm inhibition zone.
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