INTRODUCTION:Surgically Created cleft palate models in animals have solved most of the problems associated with congenital models. Recent studies have preferred the use of rats and rabbits as they are easy to handle and observe. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to optimize surgically created palatal defects in New Zealand white rabbits. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 7 rabbits were used in this pilot study; for defect optimization. Three different defect dimensions 7×2.5×1 mm³, 7×2.5×5 mm³ and 5×2.5×4 mm³ were created in the mid-palatal region. Maxillae were taken immediately after surgery and at 2 weeks interval for radiographic and histological analyses. RESULTS: 7×2.5×1 mm³ defects although showed success of the created animal model, they were shallow such that spontaneous healing of defects occurred. 7×2.5×5 mm³ defects with nasal mucosa removal showed death of all animals immediately and after 2 weeks with severe injuries in teeth and vital structures. On the other hand, 5×2.5×4 mm³ defects with intact nasal mucosa showed preservation of vital structures without closure of the defect at 2 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: 5×2.5×4 mm³ defects with intact nasal mucosa were shown to be the largest yet safest dimensions that could be used to create mid-palatal defects in rabbits in this region.
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