Antiparaoxon immune sera were employed in a new immunoassay based on competition between acetylcholinesterase and antibodies for the binding of paraoxon. Unlike radioimmunoassay, the new assay described herein can be extended to predict the feasibility of antibodies to confer in vivo protection of acetylcholinesterase against organophosphate poisoning. The toxicity of paraoxon was reduced in mice which were preinjected with the immune sera.Organophosphate Immunization Acetylcholinesterase Antiparaoxon antibody Immunoassay Paraoxon
3H-soman (specific activity 10 Ci/mMol), a potent irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor, was administered IV to mice in a dose of one LD-50, which corresponds to 0.25 mCi/mouse. Animals were sacrificed at 5 min, 2 h and 24 h, and whole body autoradiography was performed. High levels of radioactivity in lung and skin were observed at all time intervals after injection. The central nervous system showed very low concentrations of radioactivity, which remained so for 24 h post-injection. Considerable accumulation of 3H-soman in the urine and gall-bladder, and in the intestinal lumen, may indicate these as pathways of soman excretion. Quantitative determinations of radioactivity in various tissue samples were consistent with the above-mentioned findings. It is concluded that the nature of the persistent binding of soman to lung and skin is striking, and may indicate the existence of specific sites for soman depots.
Optically active 2-aminoalkan-l -ols in the form of their 0-acyl-N-trifluoroacetyl derivatives have been resolved by g.1.c. with N-dodecanoyl-L-valine 6-undecylamide (1 ) as the stationary phase. A bulky 0-acyl group substantially facilitates resolution. Resolutions of the N-trifluoroacetyl-esters of a-, @-, and y-amino-acids on diamide phases are also reported. The order of emergence of the derivatives of the 2-aminoalkan-l -ols and the y-aminoacids is D after the L-isomer, id., the reverse of that found for the a-amino-acids.The mechanism of resolution is discussed on the basis of association complexes involving the formation of two hydrogen bonds between the solutes and the solvent.
Antibodies were raised against an analogue of one of the photodimeric products [the cyclobutane (2)] resulting from irradiation of methyl p-nitrocinnamate (1); in the presence of these antibodies, irradiation of (1) led preferentially to the particular stereoisomer (2).
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