Currently used elution methods for strong cation exchange (SCX) chromatography are based on two principles: salt and pH gradient. In this paper, we report the first observation of peptide elution by acid gradient. The degree of peptide separation using C18-SCX StageTip was greatly improved by our acid and salt-based elution method compared with a salt-based elution method. This development enabled us to identify over 22 000 phosphopeptides from 2 mg of protein without labor-intensive sample preparation. Our method is simple, robust, scalable, and low-cost and can be easily implemented without any special equipment or techniques.

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A convergent synthesis of the ABC ring of antitumor natural product paclitaxel (Taxol) is described. SmI2-mediated reductive cyclization of an allylic benzoate possessing an aldehyde function, synthesized from tri-O-acetyl-d-glucal and 1,3-cyclohexanedione, smoothly afforded the highly strained 6-8-6 tricarbocyclic structure in 66% yield.

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Fish farming using net pens has become very widespread in the coastal areas of various countries in the sediment and to prevent further progress of the organic enrichment of the sediment below the fish farm.

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The Gallyas method is a silver impregnation technique that is essential in the field of neuropathology because of its high sensitivity for the detection of argentophilic inclusion bodies in the central nervous system. In Japan, the Gallyas method has improved and is widely used as the “modified Gallyas method”. However, this method is not popularly used in general pathology laboratories because of the need for special reagents, several staining processes, and skilled techniques. The objective of the current study was to provide a simplified Gallyas method. We omitted the lanthanum nitrate step from the staining process and verified the adequacy in comparison with the original method as well as immunohistochemistry, using specimens from patients of Alzheimer's disease, argyrophilic grain disease, multiple system atrophy, Pick's disease, and Lewy body disease. The simplified method provided good staining to all the structures in archival tissues, compared with the modified Gallyas method in a significantly shorter staining time. The lanthanum nitrate step can be omitted from the modified Gallyas method, resulting in reduction in the number of reagents required and shortening of the staining time.