A simple method to evaluate antioxidant activities of water-soluble ingredients of foods has been developed. Protective effects of antioxidants against hypochlorite radical or hydroxyl radical have been studied by comparing changes in absorbance of myoglobin (a standard reference) at 409 nm. Protective ratio, defined by absorbance changes of myoglobin with or without the antioxidant, was a good indicator to quantitatively evaluate the antioxidant activity against the hypochlorite radical or the hydroxyl radical, respectively. Radar charts indicating the antioxidant activities against DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), hypochlorite radical, and hydroxyl radical clearly differentiated the characteristics of five antioxidants including carnosine, glutathione, and vitamin C. By comparison of the radar charts, antioxidant activity of bonito meat hydrolysate was found to have similar characteristics to that of carnosine. The simple method proposed in this study would be useful for evaluating and characterizing the activities of water-soluble antioxidants contained in various food materials.
Some studies have suggested that radial access (RA) for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) reduces vascular complications and bleeding compared to femoral access (FA). The purpose of this study was to investigate the routine use of hemostatic devices and bleeding complications among RA, brachial access (BA), and FA. Between January 2015 and December 2015, 298 patients treated for PCI with RA were compared with 158 patients using BA and 206 patients using FA. The radial sheath was routinely removed with ADAPTY, the brachial sheath with BLEED SAFE, and the femoral sheath with Perclose ProGlide. In-hospital bleeding complications were investigated. Cardiogenic shock was most frequent in patients in the femoral group (RA 1.3%, BA 2.5%, FA 9.2%, p < 0.0001). The rate of major bleeding was highest in the femoral group (RA 1.0%, BA 2.5%, FA 5.3%, p = 0.01). Blood transfusion rates were highest in the femoral group (RA 0.7%, BA 1.3%, FA 4.4%, p = 0.01). Retroperitoneal bleeding was observed in 1.9% of patients in the femoral group. Patients in the brachial group had large hematomas (RA 0.7%, BA 4.4%, FA 1.5%, p = 0.01). Pseudoaneurysm formation needing intervention occurred most frequently in the brachial group (RA 0%, BA 1.3%, FA 0%, p = 0.04). In conclusion, compared to the brachial and femoral approaches, the radial approach appears to be the safest technique to avoid local vascular bleeding complications. The brachial approach has the highest risk of large hematoma and pseudoaneurysm formation among the three groups.
Background:
Previous study showed that number of yellow plaque in a coronary artery was associated with future risk of acute coronary syndrome. However, impact of intrastent yellow plaque has not fully understood.
Purpose:
This study was investigated to assess the association of the grade of intrastent yellow plaque observed by coronary angioscopy at late phase after drug-eluting stents (DES) implantation and clinical outcome.
Methods:
This study consisted of 97 patients tread with DES implantation (39 patients with sirolimus-eluting stents ; 9 patients with paclitaxel-eluting stents; 24 patients with everolimus-eluting stents; 6 patients with zotalolimus-eluting stents; 19 patients with biolimus-eluting stents ). Coronary angioscopy was performed 8 months after DES implantation. The plaque color at stent segment was grade as 0 (white), 1 (light yellow), 2 (yellow), 3 (bright yellow). The maximum color grade of the plaques in stent segment was assessed. We divided these patients into 2 groups (53 patients with yellow plaque grade 2 or 3; 44 patients with yellow plaque grade 0 or 1). We evaluated the incidence of revascularization, such as percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass graft.
Results:
Kaplan-Meier curves for 7-year Revascularization free rate are shown in Figure. Revascularization free rate was tend to be higher in patients with yellow grade 0/1 than those with yellow grade 2/3.
Conclusion:
The presence of intrastent yellow plaque at late phase after stent implantation might be associated with the future revascularization in coronary artery disease.
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