Aya ISONO Naho DOKYU and Akira YAMAMOTO This paper shows that mountain worship contributed to city formation in medieval Hiraizumi, using some indices of buildings and roads extension axis As a result, the concentration of buildings and roads axis to two mountains -Kannonyama and Rambaisan-was found, where important shrine designated by the Imperial Court formation exist.
This study aims to understand spatial organizations inside traditional Bhutanese houses through an empirical survey in Paro, Western Bhutan, on the uses of rooms and their names in Dzongkha. The results indicate that the main floor includes an intermediate space (Bako in Dzongkha), a living room (Youkha), and an alter room (Choshom) with an inner altar room (Tshamko). The window side in the Youkha is the primary place for the view and breeze, and traditionally had precedence. Some local Dzongkha room names differ from English names in that they express the spatial placement of rooms rather than their functions.
Resident agreement complementing a present legal system settles the peculiar problem of region, and it is possible to correspond to resident needs finely. After making the present situation of the agreements about landscape design clear in Nagano-prefecture JAPAN, this paper indicates the way of institutional design in future. As a result, three kinds of style was picked out from the prescriptive contents of an agreement; the shape control type, life environment type, area resources type. And the difference was admitted about the landscape quality, an agreement area and resident consensus building between these types.
Aya ISONO, Naho DOKYU and Akira YAMAMOTO The purpose of this paper is to get the basic knowledge of 'Hiraizumi' town, one of the medieval central city in Japan, from the four indexes of building's axis which explained to relation between building's axis, contour line, surrounding mountain landscape, streets and north-south's axis.As a result, three conclusions were found. The first is that many buildings are not parallel to the streets. The second, there is little possibility of agreement with top of the mountains. The last, there is urban infrastructure like 'Jobo' urban system around Motsu-ji, on the other hand not like it in Yanaginogosho. Therefore the Osyu Fujiwara family did no more than develop the blocks, and many buildings are supposed to be arranged according to owner's idea.
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