This study was conducted to investigate the nephro-protective effects of grape and / or guava seeds extracts on gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Fifty seven adult male albino rats were divided into 8 groups. Group 1 (control group) was injected intraperitonealy with saline solution; groups (2, 3 and 4 were administrated a daily oral dose of grape(40mg/kg/d p.o), guava seeds extracts (300mg/kg/d p.o) or mixture of both, respectively; group 5 was intoxicated with gentamicin (100mg/kg/day i.p); groups (6, 7 and 8) received oral dose of grape and / or guava seeds extracts along with intraperitonealy injection of gentamicin for 10 days. At the end of the experimental period (10 days) rats were scarified and serum was collected for serum creatinine, urea, uric acid and total protein. Parameters of oxidative stress were determined including reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde, and activity of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (Cu, Zn-SOD). The results of the present study revealed that treatment of normal rats with grape and / or guava seeds extracts did not show any adverse physiological effects. Gentamicin injection resulted in significant elevation in serum levels of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen.
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of aflatoxin B 1 (AFB 1 ) on immunity and hematological profile, RBC, WBC, Hb, serum protein, albumin-A, globulin-G, A/G ratio, phygocytic activity, nitro blue tetrazolium reduction and challenge test against Aeromonas hydrophilla of apparently healthy 150 Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus weighed 23.42±1.2 gram. After 84 days of exposure to AFB 1 100 and 20 µg/kg fish samples were collected then O. niloticus were treated with biological antitoxin for 3 days then samples were taken after stoppage the treatment by 7 days. Immune activities and hematological profile were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) influenced in dose and duration of exposure dependent manner this was reflected in the health and growth performance of O. niloticus. Results indicated that improvements had achieved by lowering the AFB 1 compained with biological treatment.
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