IntroductionLes maladies chroniques non transmissibles (MCNT) constituent un problème de santé publique. La transition épidémiologique coexiste avec les maladies infectieuses. En Afrique subsaharienne, leur ampleur est peu connue et l'OMS recommande aux pays à faible et moyen revenu de réaliser des enquêtes STEPS portant sur les comportements, des mesures physiques et biochimiques. L'absence de données au niveau national justifie cette étude auprès d'un groupe spécifique. L'objectif de l’étude était de déterminer la prévalence des MCNT et de leurs facteurs de risque chez les militaires Sénégalais.MéthodesUne enquête transversale a été réalisée incluant les militaires âgés de 25 à 60 ans. La participation était volontaire et l'accord des autorités hiérarchiques a préalablement été obtenu. Un sondage stratifié à deux niveaux a été utilisé permettant d'avoir un échantillon ajusté de 1513 individus. Les données ont été saisies avec le logiciel EPI Info 6 et analysées à l'aide de R. Un score de risque a été déterminé sur la base de cinq facteurs.RésultatsLes résultats préliminaires concernent 1125 personnes. L’âge moyen était de 39,7 ±9,1 ans et le sex-ratio de 28,6. La prévalence du tabagisme actif était de 17,3% et ne variait pas significativement entre les différentes catégories d’âge. L’âge moyen auquel ils ont commencé à fumer était de 20,8 ±4,05 ans. La consommation médiane de fruits et légumes était de l'ordre de 4 par jour et seulement 5,7% des enquêtés prenaient au moins 5 portions par jour. Environs 72% des enquêtés avaient une activité physique intense ou modérée. Les prévalences de la surcharge pondérale, de l'HTA et du diabète étaient de 30,5%, 28,4% et 3,0% respectivement alors que la maladie rénale chronique était retrouvée chez un seul cas. Le calcul du score de risque cardiovasculaire a montré que 39,1% des militaires étaient à risque élevé (≥3 facteurs de risque) et que ce dernier augmentait avec l’âge.ConclusionLa prévalence élevée des MCNT dans ce groupe particulier laisse présager de l'ampleur dans la population générale. De ce point de vue, il est urgent de mettre en place un programme de prévention primaire et de dépistage pour anticiper les lourdes conséquences liées à ces maladies.
Introduction: The health of mothers and children remains a major concern in developing countries. Infant and maternal mortality rates, although declining, are still high. Access to health services is a major obstacle to reducing maternal and infant mortality. To support the Ministry of Health and Social Action in the implementation of its Strategic Plan for Reproductive Health (2012-2015), the NGO Micronutriment Initiative has developed a project based on community-based maternal and neonatal health services (CBMNHS) in the Kolda region. The general objective of this study is to collect the perceptions of the actors on the Community-Based Maternal and Neonatal Health Services project in the Kolda and Sedhiou regions. Method: This was a qualitative study consisting of an evaluation of the activities carried out within the framework of the CBMNHS project at the level of the intervention zone. The study focused on support groups, community actors, post nurses and implementers of the intervention. Sampling was comprehensive for community actors and nurse heads. Focus groups and in-depth individual interviews were used to assess the perceptions of women and support groups, as well as to better understand the dynamics of the intervention. The content analysis was performed to exploit the qualitative data. Results: All local and national health authorities interviewed are unanimous about the relevance of the project. The project's strategies are essentially community-oriented. Thus, a large number of committees have been set up. A total of 1258 support groups were set up during the project, distributed as follows: 260 grandmother groups (Grandmothers Strategy); 266 groups of pregnant women (Pregnant Women's Solidarity Circles); 248 Care Group; 468 community watch and alert circles and 16 Future Fathers' Groups (Future Fathers' Solidarity Circles). These committees aimed to involve women of reproductive age,
Family planning is an effective intervention to improve the health of the mother, newborn and child. It was introduced in Senegal in the 1960s. Significant disparities were noted between urban and rural areas. This research aimed at measuring family planning methods knowledge and practices among reproductive age women (RAW) in the village of Widou Thiengoly, Louga region, Senegal. A descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study was carried out from 12 to 20 August 2016 and involved 150 RAW with an average age of 29.34 years. They were mostly married (98%), with a fertility rate of 3.22 children/woman. 67.3% of RAW knew at least one FP method and the contraceptive prevalence was 40.7%. Birth spacing is the main reason or utilization for more than half of users, while for non-users, more than half were ignorant of FP. Knowledge and practices of contraception were not related to the age of WCA, or the number of children. Fears or experiences of side effects were barriers to initiation and continuous use of FP methods, hence the importance of focusing awareness campaigns on alleviating fears about side effects.
Recommendations are formulated to improve implementation of the Sesame Health Programme.
IntroductionThe "potentially preventable hospitalizations (PPH)'' are hospital admissions that could have been avoided through effective primary care given at the appropriate time. Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), causes of PPH, are the leading cause of death worldwide with significant socioeconomic consequences especially in developing countries. This study aimed to assess the burden of potentially preventable hospitalizations in the St. Louis regional hospital.MethodsThis was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The surveyed population consisted of all patients older than one year, admitted to St. Louis hospital for more than four (04) hours time between January 20 and April 30, 2015. Patients hospitalized in surgery (general surgery, ENT, ophthalmology), maternity and neonatology, as well as those who refused or were unable to participate in the study were excluded.ResultsThe study included one hundred forty four (144) individuals with an average age of 54.68±15 years (17-88 years) and sex ratio woman/man of 1.21. The PPH represented 54% of all hospitalizations. The main causes of hospitalizations were diabetes with 22.1%, chronic kidney disease 12%, hypertension 10.9%, Stroke 6.4% and finally broncho-pulmonary diseases 2.6%. The average length of stay was 6.68±5.51 days. The average distance between the residence and the hospital was 26.51±60KM with a median of 3.5KM. The average cost of care was Euros 104.583 ±83.51. For 61.10%, it was a first hospitalization and for 30.60%, a second one. The Knowledge about signs of disease severity had changed significantly at the end of hospitalization, from 29% at the beginning to 98% at the end of stay in hospital. As for the means of prevention, 30.55% reported knowing them before their hospitalization and 68% after hospitalization.ConclusionPotentially preventable hospitalizations are a heavy burden for the population of St. Louis. Their negative social and economic impacts may hinder health policies initiated to relieve vulnerable groups. Their prevention should be a national priority.
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