Thiamine or vitamin B1 is a well known coenzyme and nutrient necessary for the assembly and right functioning of several enzymes involved in the energy metabolism. The present study evaluates oxidative stress and prevalence of neurodegenerative conditions in the brain following TD. The study was carried out on mice (Musmusculus) in three groups, namely control and thiamine-deficient group for 8 (TD 8) and 10 (TD 10) days. Lipid peroxidation was determined in terms of reduced glutathione (GSH) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS). The level of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione transferase (GST) were measured along with histopathological studies in all the groups. There was significant increase in the TBARS levels in group II (TD 8) and group III (TD 10) animals in comparison to controls (Group I). The GSH levels were found to be lower in both the treated groups. The level of antioxidant enzymes CAT (p \ 0.001), glutathione reductase (p \ 0.001), GPx (p \ 0.001), SOD (p \ 0.0001) were found to be significantly reduced in group III (TD 10) in comparison to controls. Histopathological studies showed moderated to extensive neuronal loss in group II and group III in comparison to control group. The increase in LPO and reduction in enzymes CAT, glutathione reductase, GPx, SOD, and GST following TD suggests mitochondrial dysfunction, neuronal loss acute oxidative stress that may impair the functioning of the brain along with the rise of neurodegenerative conditions in the affected animals.
Purpose
Because of the increased global competition and the need for environment consciousness, organisations have started focusing on incorporating sustainability dimensions into suppler selection criteria. In the past decade, sustainable supplier selection has received much attention from researchers as well as industry practitioners. The purpose of this paper is to identify various sustainable supplier selection criteria (SSSC) and underlying interdependencies among prominent selection criteria to develop a framework for sustainability dimensions.
Design/methodology/approach
The sustainable criteria for supplier selection were established through comprehensive literature review. An interpretive structural modelling (ISM) approach is used to investigate the interrelationships among these criteria.
Findings
A total of 21 SSSC under 3 dimensions (social, environmental and economic) are established. Ten criteria related to quality, capability, flexibility, waste management, pollution prevention, local community, employment practice, labour, etc. are exhibiting strong driving as well as dependence power, as demonstrated through ISM and matriced’ impacts croises-multiplication applique’ and classement (MICMAC) analysis. The findings show that delivery/service, eco design and rights of stakeholders are the “key” criteria having a high-driving and low-dependence power. These criteria require high attention from managers, while other criteria having low-driving and high-dependence power require secondary actions.
Research limitations/implications
The inter-relations for the development of ISM model and MICMAC analysis were obtained through the opinion of industry experts and academicians, which may tend to be subjectively biased. Further exploration is proposed to statistically validate the developed interdependency model.
Practical implications
This paper might act as a reference for the supplier development managers of organisations by providing an appraisal of various SSSC based on their interdependencies.
Originality/value
This study contributes to the knowledge base by proposing a framework of the interrelationships of the SSSC and also provides an additional perspective for managing these criteria based on ISM.
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