Objective: Due to the importance of beans in human consumption, the vegetative development and seed yield of Black Veracruz beans were evaluated using a nutrient solution with different magnetization times in combination with different pH. Design/methodology/approach: The experimental design used was completely randomized with a 4 x 6 factorial arrangement with three replications. 24 treatments of the combination of four magnetization times and six degrees of acidity of the nutrient solution were evaluated. The variables evaluated were vegetative development and yield components. The results were subjected to an analysis of variance and media separations were performed using Tukey's test (α £ 0.05). Results: The magnetization and the degree of acidity of the nutrient solution significantly influenced the variables. The most outstanding treatments were 2 and 24 hours of magnetization in combination with pH values of 4 and 5, for most of the variables of vegetative development and evaluated yield components. The 2 magnetization treatments together with pH values of 4 and 5 increased height, biomass hours, days to flowering, number of pods, harvest index and seed yield. Study Limitations/Implications: Care should be taken that magnetic field exposure at high intensities may produce adverse effects on growth and development. Findings/conclusions: It is concluded that an appropriate combination of magnetization time and degree of acidity of the nutrient solution improves vegetative development and yield.
Objective: Plant life begins at germination. Stimulating germination with chemical methods can be advantageous. The pregerminative treatment of four promoters was determined in two maize genotypes (G1, G2). Design/methodology/approach: Sixty seeds per Petri dish were used as experimental unit with three repetitions, organized in a completely randomized 2×4 factorial design. Two factors were taken into consideration: A) Genotypes (G1, G2); and B) four pregerminative promoters. The genotypes were Antelope G1 and yellow Antelope G2. Meanwhile, the pregerminative promoters were salicylic acid (C7H6O3) (SA), citrulline (C6H13N3O3) (CI), humic substances derived from leonardite (HS), and tap water (TW), in 1000-ppm concentrations. The following variables were evaluated: germination percentage (GP)/days-1, radicle diameter (RD), radicle length (RL), and number of lateral seminal roots (NSR). An analysis of variance and Tukey tests (α £ 0.05) were performed. Results: The germination promoters were highly significant in both genotypes, as well as during the promoter-genotype interaction. G1 and G2 means showed a higher growth and development for humic substances (HS) during germination in the NSR. Study Limitations/Implications: Germination can be inhibited, if the promoters are overweighted. Findings/Conclusions: The best genotype and germination promoter (G2) had a 94% effectiveness and HS at 1000 ppm. CI and SA registered the lowest GP.
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