International audienceRetention of metal cations by the cell wall is a common process found in plants in response to stress induced by the presence of trace metals (TMs). In this study conducted on a tomato cell suspension culture, cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) were added to the medium at maximal concentrations of 0.5 and 2 mM, respectively. We showed that around 50 % of Zn or Cd was confined into the cell wall of tomato cells. Besides, their accumulation in the cell wall increased with the exogenous concentration in the culture medium. Characterization of cell wall pectins showed a decrease in the highly methylesterified pectin fraction whereas the weakly methylesterified pectin remained stable in response to Cd. Moreover, a significant increase in the degree of methylesterification was observed in both fractions. This was probably associated to the reduced pectin methylesterase (PME) activity in the treated cells. Furthermore, linked to a reduction of pectin content we showed a reduced expression of the galacturonosyltransferase QUA1 gene whereas PME1 expression remained unchanged. Taking together, these data strongly suggest that pectin biosynthesis and its modification in the cell wall are strongly regulated in response to TM exposure in tomato cells
International audienceThe aim of this preliminary study was to evaluate the role of the cell wall in Zn accumulation and tolerance by tomato suspension-cultured cells. Growth parameters, Zn distribution and accumulation by tomato cells were determined in function of zinc concentration. A particular attention was paid to the variations of the total cell wall material (cell wall carbohydrates, proteins, and exopolymers) in relation to extracellular levels of Zn. Cells treated with 0.5-5 mM Zn showed typical symptoms of heavy metal toxicity as testified by various growth parameters. Fresh and dry weights as well as total cell volume per vial decreased with increasing Zn concentration in the culture medium. Concurrently, the cell wall biomass increased, as well as the Zn amount retained by cell wall polymers. Cell wall appeared to assume important roles in Zn fixation and could therefore limit Zn influx into the cell. Our results also suggested that zinc fixation by cell wall was not only due to an increase in cell wall biomass but also to an improvement of its binding capacity
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