Hsp27 is expressed at high levels after mild heat shock and contributes to making cells extremely resistant to subsequent treatments. The activity of the protein is regulated at the transcriptional level, but also by phosphorylation, which occurs rapidly during stress and is responsible for causing the dissociation of large 700-kDa Hsp27 oligomers into dimers. We investigated the mechanism by which phosphorylation and oligomerization modulate the protective activity of Chinese hamster Hsp27. In contrast to oligomer dissociation, which only required Ser 90

<strong></strong> <p><strong></strong><strong>Objective:</strong> To make computational predictions of the structure of the human proteins Hsp27, αB-crystalline and HspB8. <strong>Materials and methods</strong>. The prediction of the secondary structure was obtained by a consensus of the programs for secondary prediction GOR 4, nnPred, Sspro, APSSP2, JPredict, Porter, Prof, SOPMA, HNN and Psi-Pred. The models of tertiary structure were built from fragments homologous to proteins with tertiary known structure that were obtained by multiple alignments. Using the primary sequence we obtained the antigenicity profiles of native proteins and we analyzed the profiles of hydrophobicity, polarity, flexibility and accessibility of both native and mutant proteins. <strong>Results</strong>. Predictions of the secondary and tertiary structures of the studied proteins show that in the three cases, more than 65% are coil regions, 20-25 % are folded sheet and less than 10% are alpha helix. Analyses of the primary structure show that at least one of the studied profiles in every mutation is altered. <strong>Conclusions</strong>. The comparative analyses of structure suggest that mutations affect the solubility of the mutated proteins and hence affect their function as molecular chaperones</p> <p><strong>Key words</strong>: Hsp27, αB-cristalline, HspB8, prediction of secondary structure, computational model of tertiary structure</p><br />

ResumenLas proteínas de choque térmico pertenecen al grupo de proteínas de estrés y son moléculas presentes en todas las células, se unen a los péptidos nacientes para dirigir su plegamiento, garantizando su estructura tridimensional y con ello su funcionamiento correcto. Dentro de éste grupo de moléculas se encuentran las proteínas de choque térmico pequeñas (sHsp/HSPB), también, capaces de unirse a péptidos y proteínas dañadas por diversos tipos de agresiones, facilitando su reparación o degradación. En células expuestas a situaciones adversas se produce un rápido aumento en las concentraciones de estas proteínas. Aunque inicialmente se asoció la expresión de las proteínas de estrés a aumentos bruscos de temperatura, hoy día es conocido que existen en condiciones fisiológicas normales y sus concentraciones se aumentan en respuesta a un amplio espectro de agresiones ambientales como: infecciones virales, inflamaciones, cuadros febriles, exposición a compuestos citotóxicos, acidificación del pH, anoxia o shock térmico. La producción de este tipo de moléculas constituye un mecanismo de defensa que permite a la célula adaptarse a condiciones anómalas y aumentar su capacidad de supervivencia. Se presenta en este trabajo, una breve reseña histórica de las proteínas de choque térmico pequeñas, su asociación con algunas patologías y se discute el estado actual del conocimiento de este tipo de moléculas y los posibles mecanismos implicados en las enfermedades conformacionales o proteinopatías, en donde existen alteraciones en la conformación nativa de las proteínas.Palabras clave: Proteínas de choque térmico pequeñas (sHsp/HSPB), cuerpos de inclusión, enfermedades degenerativas, miopatías, mutaciones. AbstractThe small heat shock proteins (sHsp/HSPB) and their implication in the development of degenerative diseases. Stress proteins are present in all the cells and participate in the synthesis of proteins binding their selves to the newly formed peptides to direct their folding, thus ensuring their three-dimensional structure and appropriate functioning. Besides, stress proteins are able to bind to damaged peptides and proteins due to diverse types of aggressions, enabling their repair or degradation. When cells are exposed to adverse situations, a rapid increase in concentration of stress proteins occurs. Stress protein expression had been associated to heat shocks only, but nowadays we know that stress proteins are induced as a response to a wide array of physiological and environmental aggressions such as: viral infections, inflammations, febrile responses, cell exposure to cytotoxic compounds, pH acidification, anoxia, and heat shock. The production of this type of molecules is a defense mechanism that allows the cell to adapt to anomalous situations and increase its survival capacity. In our study we present a brief historical account on stress proteins, their association with some pathologies, and discuss the current state of knowledge about this type of molecules and the possible mechanisms involved in protein co...