ObjectiveWe developed an in vitro model to examine whether trauma induces connexin 43 (Cx43) expression and collagen organisation in the amniotic membrane (AM) of fetal membrane (FM) defects.MethodTerm human FM was traumatised in vitro. Cell morphology and Cx43 were examined in the wound edge AM by immunofluorescence (IMF) confocal microscopy and compared to control AM. Collagen microstructure was examined by second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging. Cell viability was assessed with calcein and ethidium staining.ResultsAfter trauma, the AM showed a dense region of cells, which had migrated towards the wound edge. In wound edge AM, Cx43 puncta was preferentially distributed in mesenchymal cells compared to epithelial cells with significant expression in the fibroblast layer than epithelial layer (p < 0.001). In the fibroblast layer, the collagen fibres were highly polarised and aligned in parallel to the axis of the wound edge AM. There was an absence of cell migration across the defect with no healing after 168 h. Cell viability of the FM after trauma was maintained during culture.ConclusionCx43 overexpression in wounded AM drives structural changes in collagen that slows down efficacy of cell migration across the FM defect. © 2017 The Authors. Prenatal Diagnosis published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

PurposePatients with acute paralytic lagophthalmos are at high risk for ocular surface breakdown due to exposure. External eyelid weights are a temporary solution for paralytic lagophthalmos that aim to reduce exposure and optimize blink excursion. Despite easy application and high efficacy, this product is under-utilized in clinical practice with few physicians employing this treatment adjunct.ResultsOcular surface health was maintained in all patients, and overall aesthetic satisfaction was high.ConclusionExternal eyelid weights are a valuable adjunct in the treatment of facial palsy but are under-utilized in clinical practice. This article highlights the benefits of external eyelid weights as an accessible adjunct to restore eyelid function and maintain cosmesis. The device can be implemented without specialist involvement and adds a dimension of independence for general practitioners to manage ocular complications of facial palsy.